Primary Source (Autobiography of a victim): "We weren't just orphans. We never wore the orphan's mask of sorrow and desolation because we never felt the absence of goodness or affection. Ours was one collective face, rude, bitter, mischievous. We hated everyone, we hated each other. Every manner of lie was our defense. It was natural law to beat up the weak, to be beaten by the strong. For a piece of bread the size of a fist we battled, bit, bled. Love was an incomprehensible word, friendship an unknown feeling. Bread was comrade, friend, and love." -Andranik Zaroukian
International Response: "The city of Trebizond and surrounding villages is estimated at 10,000 Armenians. Of this later number 5200 have already been sent away. The children, when the parents so desired, were left behind and placed in large houses in different parts of the city. There are approximately three thousand such children retained in these houses called by the Turks 'Orphanages'
Girls up to 15 years of age inclusive, and boys to 10 years of age inclusive are accepted; those over these ages are compelled to go with their parents. A number of Armenian women and young ladies are retained in these houses to look after the infants and children. The institutions are guarded by gendarmes and each institution has a Turkish Mudir or Director.
Dr. and Mrs. Crawford received about 300 children into their school from parents who were being sent away. Some of these children were very small and there were a few babies. In some cases the parents left money or jewelry to cover the expenses of the children, or for safe keeping. Of course this was all contrary to the proclamation on which had been posted by the government." - Oscar S. Heizer (American Consul)
Paige Froelke Period 5 Impact on Children in Armenian Genocide
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http://www.genocide-museum.am/eng/children/2a.jpg
http://www.genocide-museum.am/eng/children/3.jpg Primary Source (firsthand account by a Turkish officer) In April 1915 I was quartered at Erzeroum. An order came from Constantinople that Armenians inhabiting the frontier towns and village be deported to the interior. It was said then that this was only a precautional measure. I saw at that time large convoys of Armenians go through Erzeroum. They were mostly old men, women and children. Some of the able-bodied men had been recruited in the Turkish Army and many had fled to Russia. The massacres had not begun yet. In May 1915 I was transferred to Trebizond. In July an order came to deport to the interior all the Armenians in the Vilayet of Trebizond. Being a member of the Court Martial I knew that deportations meant massacres. Besides the deportation order referred to above an Imperial "Iradeh" was issued ordering that all deserters when caught, should be shot without trial. The secret order read "Armenians" in lieu of "deserters". The Sultan's "Iradeh" was accompanied by a "fatwa" from Sheikh-ul-Islam stating that the Armenians had shed Moslem blood and their killing was lawful. Then the deportations started. The children were kept back at first. The Government opened up a school for the grown up children and the American Consul of Trebizond instituted an asylum for the infants. When the first batches of Armenians arrived at Gumush-Khana all able-bodied men were sorted out with the excuse that they were going to be given work. The women and children were sent ahead under escort with the assurance by the Turkish authorities that their final destination was Mosul and that no harm will befall them. The men kept behind, were taken out of town in batches of 15 and 20, lined up on the edge of ditches prepared beforehand, shot and thrown into the ditches. Hundreds of men were shot every day in a similar manner. The women and children were attacked on their way by the ("Shotas") the armed bands organised by the Turkish Government who attacked them and seized a certain number. After plundering and committing the most dastardly outrages on the women and children they massacred them in cold blood. Armenian National Institute 1334 G Street, NW Suite 200 Washington, DC 20005 Copyright 1998-2013 Armenian National Institute CIRCULATED TO THE KING AND WAR CABINET [December 26, 1916] ARMENIAN MASSACRES. Report by an Eye-Witness, Lieutenant Sayied Ahmed Moukhtar Baas.
Varter was born in 1885 in the lively village of Hussenig which, with its population of five thousand, was located in a valley a few miles below the flourishing and more urban city of Kharpert.
It began with the ominous knock on the door in the middle of the night. The Turkish gendarmes said that they wished to make some immediate purchases in the Nazarian store. Mugrditch was not given time to dress but left his tranquil home dressed only in pajamas.
Varter never saw her husband again. No one agreed on the precise fate of Mugrditch Nazarian. Some say he was taken out of town a few miles and shot. Others relate that he was among those who were imprisoned in Mezireh and exposed to inhuman tortures so unbearable that he and the other prisoners poured the kerosene from the jail lamps onto themselves and ended their lives as human pyres.
A few days later, on June 11, the horror began for Varter, all the more frightening since she was nearly full term with another child. Ordered to prepare for “deportation”, she gathered her infirm in-laws, her maid Tamam, and her children, Eghisapet, Takouhi, Nazareth, Yeghsa, Arakel and Avedis.
She obtained a donkey with a saddle bag with two pockets. In each pocket she placed one of her smallest children. The next day, the gendarmes pushed the donkey with its two children down a mountainside and to their deaths.
“I saw Varter at noon”, a fellow companion tearfully recalled of that day, “and when I saw her again in the evening, I could not recognize her, She was almost naked”. “Elmas”, Varter said to her friend in utter anguish and pain, “let us find a well and throw ourselves into it”. At that moment of despair, some Arab woman took pity on her and drew some water from the well and quickly gave it to her before the gendarmes saw. They had been traveling in these terrible conditions for a month and a half since leaving Mezireh.
One morning soon thereafter, Varter awoke with her children and saw that the caravan had moved on. Seizing the opportunity to hide, she descended into a dry well with her children. There she remained safely for two days without food. A passing Arab, some say a Pasha, came to the well and shouted into it, “If there is anyone down there, let him speak, as I am about to throw stones in the well”. “No, don't throw any stones”, Varter shouted, “I am here with my children”. “Very well” the Arab replied, “I will help you out”. Varter was relieved. “Help my children out one at a time”, she pleaded. “Then I will come”. “No!” the Arab emphatically responded. “You come first so that we may pull the children out together”. Hesitatingly and very slowly, Varter lifted herself out. Seeing her comeliness, the Arab seized her and forcibly adducted her. He was totally deaf to her appeals for her children left in the well. Their echoing voices cried after her, “Mother, Mother!” Those infant cries haunted and tormented her the remaining days and dark nights of her life. The dry hole became Varter’s wailing well.
International Response: http://www.armenian-genocide.org/recognition.html
Works Cited: Pictures and Story: http://www.genocide-museum.am/eng/personal_histories.php
International Response: http://www.armenian-genocide.org/recognition.html
Tiruhi Khorozyan, 96, is one of the few living witnesses of the Genocide She was only six years old, but already perceived the words ‘enemy’ and ‘Turk’ as synonymous. She was too little to understand why it was so, but big enough to remember those bloody episodes and atrocities for the rest of her life.
Tiruhi remembers the day when she escaped the Turkish sword
“We were escaping for two days through rocks and gorges and were so thirsty that our mouths had dried, we gasped for breath. My mother went downhill to fetch water from the gorge and came back terrified. The river had become red from the blood of the dead bodies thrown into it,” Tiruhi remembers.
Adabazar is a town situated in the northwest of Turkey. In 1915 it still had a population of about 30,000 people, more than half of whom were Armenians. They were mainly engaged in trade, crafts, husbandry and fruit-growing. There were four churches there with preparatory schools and gymnasiums attached to each of them.
Tiruhi remembers that they had a large orchard of mainly chestnut and walnut trees. “We had plenty of sacks of them in the yard,” she says.
Beginning in 1915 the Armenian population was displaced and killed on the road. Tiruhi’s father, Andranik Arzumanyan, was a fidayi, a guerilla as Tiruhi calls him, who helped people escape Turkish yataghans (swords).
“One day two Turkish soldiers caught my father who had me with him. He was seized and taken away, I was a little kid, and I lost my way,” says Tiruhi.
“The soldiers showed me the direction to get to home. I took that way and what I saw was murdered people, blood and deaths on all four sides. I didn’t know what to do, where to run. I was lucky that an elderly woman was passing by with two children, she took me and said she would take me to my mom.”
On a way seemingly leading to home three Turkish soldiers caught them, and one of them wanted to kill them. “Happily, one of them said: ‘Since they have survived after all this, let them live’.”
The Turkish soldiers took Tiruhi to a place where there were 15 children.
“I became the sixteenth. When one of the Turkish officers saw me, he said he would take me with him as his daughter.”
Luckily, after long searches, Tiruhi’s mother found her daughter the same day and was able to rescue her. Then the mother took Tiruhi and her younger sister and brother to Izmir and later to Greece.
A year later they were joined by their father who had managed to escape.
“We lived in Greece for about 18 years, until 1932. We worked at a tobacco plant. When Soviet Armenia began to receive repatriates, we came to Yerevan,” Tiruhi says.
Tiruhi has no item from her birthplace that would remind her of her native town. “Where should I have them from if we fled from there with lightening speed?” she says.
The old woman confesses that she would hardly be ready to forgive the Turks ever. “Perhaps the young people will forgive them, because they didn’t see all that, but not me. I cannot forgive them ever,” she says and repeats: “I can’t.”
And with what seems to be her look cast back at her burning childhood, she adds: “Eh, we lived that life, good or bad it was ours. We will perhaps have a better life in the other world.”
International response: http://www.armenian-genocide.org/Affirmation.429/current_category.4/affirmation_detail.html
Works Cited: Survivors Story http://www.genocide-museum.am/eng/personal_histories.php
Primary Source(Soldier)Letter to American Embassy AMERICAN CONSULATE TREBIZOND. July 7, 1915.
Honorable Henry Morgenthau, American Ambassador Constantinople.
Sir:-
Referring to my despatches to the Embassy of June 28th, 30th and July 3rd regarding the deportation of the Armenians from Trebizond to the Interior via Gumashhane and my despatch of July 3rd to the Department, copy of which was sent to the Embassy, regarding the suicide of Cavass Ohannes I now desire to report that the Armenian population of Trebizond Vilayet is estimated at 36,000 persons. The city of Trebizond and surrounding villages is estimated at 10,000 Armenians. Of this later number 5200 have already been sent away. The children, when the parents so desired, were left behind and placed in large houses in different parts of the city. There are approximately three thousand such children retained in these houses called by the Turks "Orphanages"
Girls up to 15 years of age inclusive, and boys to 10 years of age inclusive are accepted; those over these ages are compelled to go with their parents. A number of Armenian women and young ladies are retained in these houses to look after the infants and children. The institutions are guarded by gendarmes and each institution has a Turkish Mudir or Director.
Dr. and Mrs. Crawford received about 300 children into their school from parents who were being sent away. Some of these children were very small and there were a few babies. In some cases the parents left money or jewelry to cover the expenses of the children, or for safe keeping. Of course this was all contrary to the proclamation on which had been posted by the government.
The Governor General sent words to Dr. Crawford that he would be required to give up the children as the authorities were prepared to take care of them but nevertheless left the children a few days until arrangements could be made for them then sent and took them all away. The authorities also called upon him to turn over all money and articles of any kind deposited by Armenians in contravention of the proclamation.
Very disquieting reports concerning the treatment of these people who have been sent away are current and if one half turn out to be true it will be shocking.
I have the honor to be Sir, Your obedient servant, Signed:- Oscar S. Heizer. American Consul.
International response:http://armenianstudies.csufresno.edu/hye_sharzhoom/vol19/may62/genocide.html
Work Cited:http://www.armenian-genocide.org/us-7-20-15-text.html
Survival Story: I saw my father killed when I was 9 years old. We lived in Palou [an Armenian enclave in Turkey], in the mountains. My father was a businessman. He'd go into the country selling pots and pans, butter, dairy products. The Turks, they ride in one day and get all the men together, bring them to a church. Every man came back out, hands tied behind them. Then they slaughter them, like sheep, with long knives. They all die, 25 people in my family die. You can't walk, they kill you. You walk, they kill you. They did not care who they kill. My husband, who was a boy in my village but I did not know him then, he saw his mother's head cut off. The Turks, they see a pregnant woman, they cut the baby out of her and hold it up on their knife to show. My mother and I, we run. They get one of my other sisters, and one of my other sisters, she was four, she ran away. My mother was hit by the Turks, she was bleeding as we go. We walk and walk, I say Ma, wait, I want to look for my little sister, but my mother slap me, say No! Too dangerous, we keep walking. It gets darker and darker, but we walk. Still, I don't know where. The Turks had taken over our city. Two, three days we walk, little to eat. Finally, we find my sister, who had run away. Then we walk to Harput, and I see Turks and want to run, but they are friendly Turks, my mother tell me. She say, You go live with them now, you'll be safe, and I was. I worked there, waiting on them, cleaning, but I was alive and safe. But I don't see my mother for five years. She was taken to the mountains to live, and she saw hundreds of dead Armenians, hundreds of them, who had been killed by the Turks, bodies all over. Years later, my mother say to the Turks, I want to see my child, and they let her come back. She came to the house at night. She did not know me, but I know it was her. Her voice was the same as I remember it. I tell her who I am, she say, You are my daughter! and we kiss, hug, and cry and cry.
International Response: http://armenianstudies.csufresno.edu/hye_sharzhoom/vol19/may62/genocide.html
Works Cited: "Katherine Magarian." - Armeniapedia.org. N.p., n.d. Web. 30 May 2013.
International Response: "THIRTY-EIGHTH SESSION August 5-30 1985 Geneva, Switzerland Statement by Mr. Laurin of the International Federation of Human Rights2 Genocide is the worst crime under international law, and any attempt to hide it or deny its existence must be looked upon as a serious infringement of human rights, derogating from the rights of peoples to their history, their memory, their dignity and their right to moral restitution. My organization, which has protested in both the Commission on Human Rights and the Sub- Commission at the deletion from the previous report of a paragraph3 concerning the Genocide of which Armenians have been victims in the Ottoman Empire, welcomes the fact that Mr. Whitaker has covered the topic in his latest report. ‡ Evidence of that massacre has been provided in numerous diplomatic documents of the various countries, including Germany, which had been Turkey's ally during the First World War. The premeditated nature of the acts aimed at the systematic and organized extermination of all Armenians living in their own historical territory and in the rest of the Ottoman Empire has been amply documented. In 1923 and 1926, my organization urged the League of Nations to ensure that Armenians who had survived the massacre were given sufficient territory to guarantee their national life. The acts committed against the Armenians meet the definition of genocide given in the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide." http://www.teachgenocide.org/files/DocsMaps/UN%20Report%20on%20Genocide%20(excerpts).pdf
"Yozghantsi Veronika Berberyan (born 1907) recalls the Turkish recruitment: “…Towards the evening on Saturday they gathered all the men to send them to the Turkish army, but there they separated Armenians from Turks.
My grandpa, Priest Hakob Berberyan, who was entrusted to protect the rights of the Armenians, seeing that Armenian and Turkish soldiers were being separated, asked “Why do you single out the Armenians?” The Turkish commander answered, “Papaz (priest) efendi, Armenians are to go work on road construction, and Turks are going to the Russian front”.
The next day was Sunday. My grandfather had just arrived at home after serving mass. Immediately, we learned about the horrible news. Artin Agha’s son was a miller. He woke up in the morning, went to work and there saw severed human heads and limbs near the mill. Shocked by the horror, he hurried to the house panting, and described what he had seen. Artin Agha and his son came and told my grandfather, “They have butchered the men they had called soldiers yesterday”. My grandfather instructed him, “Go, complain to the ghaymagham (governor)”. Artin Agha went to the ghaymagham to complain, but the latter had not returned home that night.
The next day, Monday, two Turkish gendarmes came with clubs. On previous occasions when gendarmes had come to our house, they had politely asked the priest efendi to get dressed and go with them. This time they came and rudely commanded, “Haide, kalkn” (now get up). They took my grandfather to the ghaymagham. With my grandfather they also took the local distinguished figures, tradesmen and the intellectuals. A Turk said to my grandfather, “Papaz efendi, your last hour is here, what do you have to say?” My grandfather fell on his knees and began to pray. A Turkish soldier then swung an axe and beheaded the priest. The soldiers then started to play football with the head of my grandfather…” Verjine Svazlian. The Armenian Genocide: Testimonies of the Eyewitness Survivors. Yerevan, 2000, Testimony214, pp.353-354.
This man survived the Armenian Genocide. Eight Decades Later, He is sharing his story before It's too late.
Haig Baronian Born in 1908 in Baiburt "I do not remember how many days our decimated caravan marched. Day by day, the male contingent of the caravan got smaller and smaller. Under the pretext of not killing them if they would hand over liras, gold coins, men would be milked of what little money they had, and then they would be killed anyway. Days wore on. Those who could not keep up were put out of their misery. Always bodies were found strewn by the wayside. At one place, my little grandmother loudly cursed the Turkish government for its inhumanity. Pointing to us children, she asked: "What is the fault of children to be subjected to such suffering?" It was too much for a gendarme to bear; he pulled his dagger and plunged it into my grandmother's back. The more he plunged his dagger, the more my beloved Nana asked for heaven's curses on him and his kind. Unable to silence her with repeated dagger thrusts, the gendarme mercifully pumped some bullets into her and ended her life. First my uncle, now my grandmother were left unmourned and unburied by the wayside. We moved on."
Work cited: The following article was originally published in The Los Angeles Times Magazine in May 1999.
These are some of the words of Ambassador Morgenthau as he explained the horrific acts of the Armenian genocide...
"A string of encampments, filled by the sick and the dying, mingled with the unburied or half-buried bodies of the dead, marked the course of the advancing throngs. Flocks of vultures followed them in the air, and ravenous dogs, fighting one another for the bodies of the dead, constantly pursued them. The most terrible scenes took place at the rivers, especially the Euphrates. Sometimes, when crossing this stream, the gendarmes would push the women into the water, shooting all who attempted to save themselves by swimming. Frequently the women themselves would save their honour by jumping into the river, their children in their arms. . . . All the way to Ras-ul-Ain, the first station on the Bagdad line, the existence of these wretched travellers was one prolonged horror. The gendarmes went ahead, informing the half-savage tribes of the mountains that several thousand Armenian women and girls were approaching. The Arabs and Kurds began to carry off the girls, the mountaineers fell upon them repeatedly, violating and killing the women, and the gendarmes themselves joined in the orgy. One by one the few men who accompanied the convoy were killed. The women had succeeded in secreting money from their persecutors, keeping it in their mouths and hair; with this they would buy horses, only to have them repeatedly stolen by the Kurdish tribesmen. Finally the gendarmes, having robbed and beaten and violated and killed their charges for thirteen days, abandoned them altogether. Two days afterward the Kurds went through the party and rounded up all the males who still remained alive. They found about 150, their ages varying from 15 to 90 years, and these, they promptly took away and butchered to the last man. But that same day another convoy from Sivas joined - his one from Harpoot, increasing the numbers of the whole caravan to 18,000 people. . . . On the seventieth day a few creatures reached Aleppo. Out of the combined convoy of 18,000 souls just 150 women and children reached their destination. A few of the rest, the most attractive, were still living as captives of the Kurds and Turks; all the rest were dead.'"
work cited: http://www.eyewitnesstohistory.com/armenianmassacre.htm
Guyler Levy Period: 2 5/30/13 Impact on children in the Armenian Genocide
Survivor Story: STORY OF SEROPE ASDADURIAN
"Our family consisted of fifteen members, of whom four are now living, the others having died by the hands of the Kurds and Turks.
"Before the year 1893 the brother of the celebrated robber chief, Mousa Bey, had abducted the daughter of the head man of our village. After a while the girl was rescued from his hands and married to a young man of Vartenis. In the spring of 1893 she visited her father's house, after which her father wished to send her, under safe escort, to her husband at Vartenis. He besought my father to carry her, and he accepted the charae. On the way fifteen Kurds attacked the party and attempted to carry off the woman, but eny father and his companions resisted, and delivered the woman safely to her husband, two of the Kurds being killed in the affray. My father fled to Russia, but soon returned, and for a month or so remained so concealed that no one saw him. After a while, however, it became known that he had returned, and suddenly one day the Mudir (Turkish petty governor) of the neighboring village surrounded our house with a band of zabtiehs (gendarmes) to seize my father. He knew that to be taken was probably to be killed with tortures, and determined to sell his life as dearly as possible. So when the zabtiehs burst open the door and cacne in my father killed one of them and rushed out with his rifle. But in his haste he struck his head violently against the frame of the door and fell, nearly dead. One of the zabiehs fired and killed him. They then killed my mother, my two sisters, my uncle and four cousins. They carried away our cattle and sheep, robbed the house and burned it."
So the crimson storm of carnage rolled on, until not less than thirty villages had been laid waste, so completely destroyed that even the names had been erased from the official records. As to the number of killed it is almost impossible to give accurate estimate. It must have been not less than five or six thousand, many put it much higher. Some soldiers said that a hundred fell to each one of them to dispose of, while others wept because the Kurds did more execution than they. Some, however, claimed to have been unwilling actors in the scene and suffered great mental torments. The wife of one noticed that he failed te pray, as had been his invariable custom. She spoke of it to him and he answered, "God will not hear me. If there is a God he will take vengeance for these awful deeds. Is there any use to pray? "It is also told of other soldiers that on reaching their homes they inquired of Armenian acquaintances, "Who is this Jesus of Nazareth? The Sassun women were constantly calling out to Him."
"At last the carnage stopped. The commander-in-chief of the fourth army corps at Erzingan reached the field in time to save a few prisoners alive and to prevent the extermination of four more villages that were on the list to be distroyed. He then sent a telegram to Constantinople that reballion had been overcome and that order had been restored in the province. For this he received a medal and the thanks of the Sultan."
Work Cited: http://www.genocide-museum.am/eng/personal_histories.php
A Survivor of the Armenian Genocide remembers their hardships (excerpt from interview)
"My name is Vartan Hartunian and I am the pastor of the First Armenian Church in Belmont, Massachusetts. I am one of a diminishing number of survivors of the Armenian genocide. I was born on February 11, 1915 and the genocide broke out on April 24, 1915. Prior to the genocide, in the 11th and 12th centuries, the Armenian people were subjugated by the Ottoman Turks. Since that time, they have been tolerated, but have had few civil rights, not comparable to the civil rights of the Turks. The Armenian people lived under tension, because of their situation, vis a vis the Turkish government. They lived in fear and massacres would break out here and there for various reasons. The greatest one was in 1895, when Abdul Hamid, "the bloody Sultan", ordered the massacres; some 300,000 Armenians were slaughtered throughout Turkey."
...Then the deportations started. The children were kept back at first. The Government opened up a school for the grown up children and the American Consul of Trebizond instituted an asylum for the infants. When the first batches of Armenians arrived at Gumush-Khana all able-bodied men were sorted out with the excuse that they were going to be given work. The women and children were sent ahead under escort with the assurance by the Turkish authorities that their final destination was Mosul and that no harm will befall them. The men kept behind, were taken out of town in batches of 15 and 20, lined up on the edge of ditches prepared beforehand, shot and thrown into the ditches. Hundreds of men were shot every day in a similar manner. The women and children were attacked on their way by the ("Shotas") the armed bands organised by the Turkish Government who attacked them and seized a certain number. After plundering and committing the most dastardly outrages on the women and children they massacred them in cold blood. These attacks were a daily occurrence until every woman and child had been got rid of. The military escorts had strict orders not to interfere with the "Shotas".
The children that the Government had taken in charge were also deported and massacred.
The infants in the care of the American Consul of Trebizond were taken away with the pretext that they were going to be sent to Sivas where an asylum had been prepared for them. They were taken out to sea in little boats. At some distance out they were stabbed to death, put in sacks and thrown into the sea. A few days later some of their little bodies were washed up on the shore at Trebizond...
International response: http://www.armenian-genocide.org/br-12-26-16-text.html
Works cited: http://www.armenian-genocide.org/br-12-26-16-text.html
international response "The parliament also voted against recognition (by 245 to 37) in 2008. The difference this time is that the Social Democrats have changed their position," Carl Bildt. http://www.thelocal.se/25468/20100311/
Alexis S. Montiel Period 5 Armenian Genocide: Political Motives
Primary Source: "This was Turkey's academic community asserting its independence," says Razmik Panossian, a leading Armenian academic and director of programmes at the Canadian Rights and Democracy pressure group.
"They were saying 'We'll go ahead with this even if people are against us'. This was a very important step to take."
For many then, both in Turkey and elsewhere, the significance of the weekend's conference, which saw mainly Turkish scholars debate the record, was not 1915, but 2005.
"The conference was not just about the Armenian issue," says Ekyen Mahcupyan, the ethnic Armenian director of Turkish think-tank TESEV's democratisation programme. "It was about Turkey showing itself and the world that it can discuss issues like who we are and what kind of world we want to live in." http://www.armenian-genocide.org/News.34/current_category.172/press_detail.html
International Response: "It was not war. It was most certainly massacre and genocide, something the world must remember... We will always reject any attempt to erase its record, even for some political advantage." -Yossi Beilin http://www.genocide1915.info/quotes/
Paige Holehouse Period 2 Armenian Genocide Political motives Pictutres: https://www.google.com/search?q=the+armenian+genocide+political+motives&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ei=MfurUY7aN6OziQKN7ID4Bg&ved=0CAcQ_AUoAQ&biw=1920&bih=971#facrc=_&imgrc=KXfJNVlSLoaWlM%3A%3BK9l2z507SgGLLM%3Bhttp%253A%252F%252Fharvardpolitics.com%252Fblog%252Fwp-content%252Fuploads%252F2012%252F03%252Fgenocide-teghahanman-qartez.jpg%3Bhttp%253A%252F%252Fharvardpolitics.com%252Fworld%252Ffrance-turkey-and-the-politics-of-genocide%252F%3B1890%3B1386
Primary source: “What other country will be the most powerful country to stand up and say this happened and it should be corrected, it should be recognized?”
“They took my education! They took my family! Do you know what it was like? I went crazy!” http://www.pasadenaweekly.com/cms/story/detail/witness_to_genocide/9011/
International Response: This commentary for Head Heritage is an attempt to outline a hidden chapter in history that Julian Cope alluded to in his wonderful description of his time in Armenia via his Armenian Augustrudion. In Cope’s article he mentioned in passing the 1915 genocide of close to one and a half million Armenians, a crime committed by the Ottoman Empire and a crime that is still denied by Turkey today. This piece that Julian Cope has graciously allowed to be published on his site will detail some of the main events of the genocide, and the British governmental fluctuations towards this central theme in Armenian memory. Between the late nineteenth century and up until the 1930s, the tragic nature of anti-Armenian pogroms and then the genocide was commented upon and discussed amongst the general British media and by politicians of note. However, since the end of the Second World War, Armenians have felt beleaguered in their attempts to gain recognition for the crimes that caused such early dialogue, and embittered by various British Governments’ response to their requests for recognition. More recently, the British Government has shown willingness towards allying themselves with the Turkish Government’s denial of the crime of genocide for political purposes.
Primary Source- The decision to carry out a genocide against the Armenian people was made by the political party in power in the Ottoman Empire. This was the Committee of Union and Progress (CUP) (or Ittihad ve Terakki Jemiyeti), popularly known as the Young Turks. Three figures from the CUP controlled the government; Mehmet Talaat, Minister of the Interior in 1915 and Grand Vizier (Prime Minister) in 1917; Ismail Enver, Minister of War; Ahmed Jemal, Minister of the Marine and Military Governor of Syria. This Young Turk triumvirate relied on other members of the CUP appointed to high government posts and assigned to military commands to carry out the Armenian Genocide. In addition to the Ministry of War and the Ministry of the Interior, the Young Turks also relied on a newly-created secret outfit which they manned with convicts and irregular troops, called the Special Organization (Teshkilati Mahsusa). Its primary function was the carrying out of the mass slaughter of the deported Armenians. In charge of the Special Organization was Behaeddin Shakir, a medical doctor. Moreover, ideologists such as Zia Gokalp propagandized through the media on behalf of the CUP by promoting Pan-Turanism, the creation of a new empire stretching from Anatolia into Central Asia whose population would be exclusively Turkic. These concepts justified and popularized the secret CUP plans to liquidate the Armenians of the Ottoman Empire. The Young Turk conspirators, other leading figures of the wartime Ottoman government, members of the CUP Central Committee, and many provincial administrators responsible for atrocities against the Armenians were indicted for their crimes at the end of the war. The main culprits evaded justice by fleeing the country. Even so, they were tried in absentia and found guilty of capital crimes. The massacres, expulsions, and further mistreatment of the Armenians between 1920 and 1923 were carried by the Turkish Nationalists, who represented a new political movement opposed to the Young Turks, but who shared a common ideology of ethnic exclusivity.
International Response- During the Armenian Genocide, the Christian missionaries serving in the Empire were often threatened with death and were unable to help the people. Diplomats from the still neutral United States communicated their blunt assessments of the ongoing government actions. U.S. ambassador to Turkey, Henry Morgenthau, reported to Washington: ‘When the Turkish authorities gave the orders for these deportations, they were merely giving the death warrant to a whole race” The Allied Powers (Great Britain, France, Russia) responded to news of the massacres by issuing a warning to Turkey: ”the Allied governments announce publicly’that they will hold all the members of the Ottoman Government, as well as such of their agents as are implicated, personally responsible for such matters.’ The warning had no effect. Newspapers in the West including the New York Times published reports of the continuing deportations with the headlines: Armenians Are Sent to Perish in the Desert ‘ Turks Accused of Plan to Exterminate Whole Population (August 18, 1915) ‘ Million Armenians Killed or in Exile ‘ American Committee on Relief Says Victims of Turks Are Steadily Increasing ‘ Policy of Extermination (December 15, 1915).
Works Cited- Primary Source- http://www.armenian-genocide.org/genocidefaq.html International Response- http://www.unitedhumanrights.org/genocide/armenian_genocide.htm
Chad Patterson Period 5 5-30-13 Armenian Genocide-International response When I returned to Aleppo in September, 1915, from a three months' holiday at Beirout, I heard with horror that a new phase of Armenian massacres had begun which were far more terrible than the earlier massacres under Abd-ul-Hamid, and which aimed at exterminating, root and branch, the intelligent, industrious, and progressive Armenian nation, and at transferring its property to Turkish hands. Such monstrous news left me at first incredulous. I was told that, in various quarters of Aleppo, there were lying masses of half-starved people, the survivors of so-called "deportation convoys." In order, I was told, to cover the extermination of the Armenian nation with a political cloak, military reasons were being put forward, which were said to make it necessary to drive the Armenians out of their native seats, which had been theirs for 2,500 years, and to deport them to the Arabian deserts. I was also told that individual Armenians bad lent themselves to acts of espionage. After I had informed myself about the facts and had made enquiries on all sides, I came to the conclusion that all these accusations against the Armenians were, in fact, based on trifling provocations, which were taken as an excuse for slaughtering 10,000 innocents for one guilty person, for the most savage outrages against women and children, and for a campaign of starvation against the exiles which was intended to exterminate the whole nation. To test the conclusion derived from my information, I visited all the places in the city where there were Armenians left behind by the convoys. In dilapidated caravansaries (hans) I found quantities of dead, many corpses being half-decomposed, and others, still living, among them, who were soon to breathe their last. In other yards I found quantities of sick and starving people whom no one was looking after. In the neighbourhood of the German Technical School, at which I am employed as a higher grade teacher, there were four such hans, with seven or eight hundred exiles dying of starvation. We teachers and our pupils had to pass by them every day. Every time we went out we saw through the open windows their pitiful forms, emaciated and wrapped in rags. In the mornings our school children, on their way through the narrow streets, had to push past the two-wheeled ox-carts, on which every day from eight to ten rigid corpses, without coffin or shroud, were carried away, their arms and legs trailing out of the vehicle. http://www.ianyanmag.com/2009/04/22/thoughts-on-the-armenian-genocide-94-years-later/
French Foreign Office requests following notice be given Turkish Government. Quote. May 24th. For about a month the Kurd and Turkish population of Armenia has been massacring Armenians with the connivance and often assistance of Ottoman authorities. Such massacres took place in middle April (?) at Erzerum, Dertchun, Eguine, Akn, Bitlis, Mouch, Sassoun, Zeitoun, and through Cilicia. Inhabitants of about one hundred villages near Van were all murdered. In that city Armenian quarter is besieged by Kurds. At the same time in Constantinople government ill treats inoffensive Armenian population. In view of these new crimes of Turkey against humanity and civilization the Allied governments announce publicly to the Sublime Porte that they will hold personally responsible these crimes all members of the Ottoman government and those of their agents who are implicated in such massacres. Unquote.
International Response- "In view of these new crimes of Turkey against humanity and civilization, the Allied Governments announce publicly to the Sublime Porte that they will hold personally responsible for these crimes all members of the Ottoman Government, as well as those of their agents who are implicated in such massacres".
Three Pictures- http://ostarmenia.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/04/armenian-genocide1915-300x218.jpg http://armeniahomeland.files.wordpress.com/2010/03/armenian-orphans-at-alexandropol.jpg http://spotilove.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/08/01-2-480x323-1345045135.jpg
Ryan Nober Period 2 armenian genocide Pictures- http://files.myopera.com/EverlastJazz/albums/642392/thumbs/armenian-genocide5.jpg_thumb.jpg http://files.myopera.com/EverlastJazz/albums/642392/ar-vict-witn.jpg http://files.myopera.com/EverlastJazz/albums/642392/ar-vict-bones.jpg
Diary entry: The thing that happened was that my house burnt down and the only thing I have left is this journal that I got about 5 years ago. I am sad and my mother died during the burning because she was sleeping. This journal is really a help because I can’t say the words that I wasn’t to say out loud. I have emotional problems and I really think that this problem goes through my father’s mind as well. My father is the only one who is with me right now. I live in a little apartment that we can at least afford to live in.
International Response:(explanation- father was accepted into the country. Therefore, America was responding to the issue.)
Like most people who have lived through genocide, they would almost never discuss their experiences. My father came to the United States after the massacres of 1907, but before the genocide that is usually characterized as beginning in 1915. My mother was deported, but was able to escape and somehow found her way back to her house.
Diary:We walked for many days, occasionally running across small lakes and rivers. After awhile we saw corpses on the shores of these lakes. Then we began seeing them along the path: twisted corpses, blackened by the sun and bloated. Their stench was horrible. Vultures circled the skies above us, waiting for their evening meal.
Article International: THOUSANDS PROTEST ARMENIAN MURDERS Only One Man and One woman Dissent from Resolutions Denouncing Outrages. TURKS HAVE KILLED 500,000 Evidence taken from State Depart- ment Shows A Quarter of a Million Women Violated. A great audience that packed the Century Theater, Central Park West and Sixty-Second Street, yesterday afternoon, had just acclaimed its approval of a resolution deploring the atrocities committed against the Armenians by the Turks, when a man, who said his name was Brown, arose and demanded a chance to discuss the resolutions. A woman, who said she was Mrs. Brooks, shouted encouragement to the disturber and demanded that he be heard. He was forcibly ejected from the theater, but in a few minutes was back, angrily demanding to have his say. The meeting, held to condemn atrocities in Armenia, was under the auspices of a committee of prominent Americans and well-known Armenians. Hamilton Holt, editor of The Independent, presided, and the speakers were the Rev. Dr. James L. Barton of the American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions., Rabbi Stephen S. Wise, the Rev. Father John J. Wynne, S.J., editor of the Catholic Encyclopedia, W. Bourke Cockran, the Rev. Dr. Ernest Yarrow of Van, Turkey, and Rev. William J. Haven. The resolutions adopted read as follows: Whereas,thecivilizedworldhasbeenshockedby a series of massacres and deportations of Armenians in the Turkish Empire; and Whereas, These crimes and outrages committed upon an industrious, thrifty, and peace-loving people, find no justification, viewed either in the light of law or humanity; and Whereas, Those Armenians who survive are in great need of succor and relief, be it hereby Resolved, That as American citizens, we make our most solemn protest against these cruel and inhuman practices and implore all officials and others having influence in the Turkish Empire, to put an end to these wrongs and to render every aid to the American Ambassador and others who would rescue and repatriate a people, who, by their history and achievements have been a credit to the empire, Resolved, Further, That war, whereof and by whatsoever nation waged, affords no warrant for inhumanity toward innocent persons. The slaughter of noncombatant men, the tortures, mutilations, and outrages committed upon women and children wherever committed have given to the fairest places upon the earth the semblance of hell. In the name of the God of Nations and our common humanity, we call upon the nations at war to cease these crimes against civilization and morality. Father Wynn seconded the resolutions and Mr. Holt had put them up for approval when Brown arose, red with excitement. Several men hurried to the disturber and started him down the aisle. Mrs. Brooks then demanded that the man be heard and followed those who were ejecting him. The audience was on its feet, as were those on the stage, among the latter, Mgr. Lavelle, who represented Cardinal Farley; Charles R. Crane, of Chicago, the Rev. Dr. H. P. Mendes, Professor William W. Rockwell, Professor Samuel P. Dutton, and a score of other prominent men. Angrily denouncing his ejectors and struggling every inch of the way the man was forced from the theatre. “This meeting,” said Mr. Holt in his opening address, “is called for the purpose of deploring the greatest hecatomb known to history. The massacres now being perpetrated in Turkey are the most atrocious in the history of the world, and if they are to stop we must prevail upon Christian Germany, who alone can save the Armenians. The appeal may not be listened to in Constantinople, but it can be heard in Berlin.”
Pictures: http://www.angelfire.com/ab/armeniangenocide/ (The third, fifth, and sixth picture)
“The Armenian Genocide was the most well-known human rights issue of its time and was reported regularly in newspapers across the United States and Europe. The Armenian Genocide is abundantly documented by thousands of official records of the United States and nations around the world including Turkey’s wartime allies Germany, Austria and Hungary, by Ottoman court-martial records, by eyewitness accounts of missionaries and diplomats, by the testimony of survivors, and by decades of historical scholarship . . . The Armenian Genocide is corroborated by the international scholarly, legal, and human rights community.”
International Response http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zkYCPVkLUjg
International Primary Source: "How many of us are really familiar with the Armenian holocaust? Why are we indifferent when Turkey does not take responsibility? We must confront our silence and that of the world in the face of such horrors. No country stood by the Armenians. No one cared about the genocide in Rwanda." - Ayelet Shaked, member of the Israeli parliamentary body
"Are the Armenians, who are being dispatched from there, being liquidated? Are those harmful persons whom you inform us you are exiling and banishing, being exterminated, or are they being merely dispatched and exiled? Answer explicitly...." http://www.anca.org/genocide/denial.php
"Our family consisted of fifteen members, of whom four are now living, the others having died by the hands of the Kurds and Turks.
"Before the year 1893 the brother of the celebrated robber chief, Mousa Bey, had abducted the daughter of the head man of our village. After a while the girl was rescued from his hands and married to a young man of Vartenis. In the spring of 1893 she visited her father's house, after which her father wished to send her, under safe escort, to her husband at Vartenis. He besought my father to carry her, and he accepted the charae. On the way fifteen Kurds attacked the party and attempted to carry off the woman, but eny father and his companions resisted, and delivered the woman safely to her husband, two of the Kurds being killed in the affray. My father fled to Russia, but soon returned, and for a month or so remained so concealed that no one saw him. After a while, however, it became known that he had returned, and suddenly one day the Mudir (Turkish petty governor) of the neighboring village surrounded our house with a band of zabtiehs (gendarmes) to seize my father. He knew that to be taken was probably to be killed with tortures, and determined to sell his life as dearly as possible. So when the zabtiehs burst open the door and cacne in my father killed one of them and rushed out with his rifle. But in his haste he struck his head violently against the frame of the door and fell, nearly dead. One of the zabiehs fired and killed him. They then killed my mother, my two sisters, my uncle and four cousins. They carried away our cattle and sheep, robbed the house and burned it."
So the crimson storm of carnage rolled on, until not less than thirty villages had been laid waste, so completely destroyed that even the names had been erased from the official records. As to the number of killed it is almost impossible to give accurate estimate. It must have been not less than five or six thousand, many put it much higher. Some soldiers said that a hundred fell to each one of them to dispose of, while others wept because the Kurds did more execution than they. Some, however, claimed to have been unwilling actors in the scene and suffered great mental torments. The wife of one noticed that he failed te pray, as had been his invariable custom. She spoke of it to him and he answered, "God will not hear me. If there is a God he will take vengeance for these awful deeds. Is there any use to pray? "It is also told of other soldiers that on reaching their homes they inquired of Armenian acquaintances, "Who is this Jesus of Nazareth? The Sassun women were constantly calling out to Him."
At last the carnage stopped. The commander-in-chief of the fourth army corps at Erzingan reached the field in time to save a few prisoners alive and to prevent the extermination of four more villages that were on the list to be distroyed. He then sent a telegram to Constantinople that reballion had been overcome and that order had been restored in the province. For this he received a medal and the thanks of the Sultan.
Bliss, Rev. Edwin Munsell. Turkey and the Armenian Atrocities. Edgewood Publishing Company, 1896. Reprinted by Meshag Publishing (Fresno, CA)in 1982
INTERNATIONAL RESPONSE: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1D0XbSuv6-w
Jordan Carvel
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Impact on Children in the Armenian Genocide
Pictures:
http://www.genocide-museum.am/eng/children/19a.jpg
http://www.genocide-museum.am/eng/children/49b.jpg
http://www.genocide-museum.am/eng/children/20a.jpg
Primary Source (Autobiography of a victim):
"We weren't just orphans. We never wore the orphan's mask of sorrow and desolation because we never felt the absence of goodness or affection. Ours was one collective face, rude, bitter, mischievous. We hated everyone, we hated each other. Every manner of lie was our defense. It was natural law to beat up the weak, to be beaten by the strong. For a piece of bread the size of a fist we battled, bit, bled. Love was an incomprehensible word, friendship an unknown feeling. Bread was comrade, friend, and love."
-Andranik Zaroukian
International Response:
"The city of Trebizond and surrounding villages is estimated at 10,000 Armenians. Of this later number 5200 have already been sent away. The children, when the parents so desired, were left behind and placed in large houses in different parts of the city. There are approximately three thousand such children retained in these houses called by the Turks 'Orphanages'
Girls up to 15 years of age inclusive, and boys to 10 years of age inclusive are accepted; those over these ages are compelled to go with their parents. A number of Armenian women and young ladies are retained in these houses to look after the infants and children. The institutions are guarded by gendarmes and each institution has a Turkish Mudir or Director.
Dr. and Mrs. Crawford received about 300 children into their school from parents who were being sent away. Some of these children were very small and there were a few babies. In some cases the parents left money or jewelry to cover the expenses of the children, or for safe keeping. Of course this was all contrary to the proclamation on which had been posted by the government."
- Oscar S. Heizer
(American Consul)
Paige Froelke
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Impact on Children in Armenian Genocide
http://www.genocide-museum.am/eng/children/0.jpg
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Primary Source (firsthand account by a Turkish officer)
In April 1915 I was quartered at Erzeroum. An order came from Constantinople that Armenians inhabiting the frontier towns and village be deported to the interior. It was said then that this was only a precautional measure. I saw at that time large convoys of Armenians go through Erzeroum. They were mostly old men, women and children. Some of the able-bodied men had been recruited in the Turkish Army and many had fled to Russia. The massacres had not begun yet. In May 1915 I was transferred to Trebizond. In July an order came to deport to the interior all the Armenians in the Vilayet of Trebizond. Being a member of the Court Martial I knew that deportations meant massacres.
Besides the deportation order referred to above an Imperial "Iradeh" was issued ordering that all deserters when caught, should be shot without trial. The secret order read "Armenians" in lieu of "deserters". The Sultan's "Iradeh" was accompanied by a "fatwa" from Sheikh-ul-Islam stating that the Armenians had shed Moslem blood and their killing was lawful. Then the deportations started. The children were kept back at first. The Government opened up a school for the grown up children and the American Consul of Trebizond instituted an asylum for the infants. When the first batches of Armenians arrived at Gumush-Khana all able-bodied men were sorted out with the excuse that they were going to be given work. The women and children were sent ahead under escort with the assurance by the Turkish authorities that their final destination was Mosul and that no harm will befall them. The men kept behind, were taken out of town in batches of 15 and 20, lined up on the edge of ditches prepared beforehand, shot and thrown into the ditches. Hundreds of men were shot every day in a similar manner. The women and children were attacked on their way by the ("Shotas") the armed bands organised by the Turkish Government who attacked them and seized a certain number. After plundering and committing the most dastardly outrages on the women and children they massacred them in cold blood.
Armenian National Institute
1334 G Street, NW Suite 200
Washington, DC 20005
Copyright 1998-2013 Armenian National Institute
CIRCULATED TO THE KING AND WAR CABINET
[December 26, 1916]
ARMENIAN MASSACRES.
Report by an Eye-Witness, Lieutenant Sayied Ahmed Moukhtar Baas.
Destiny De Alba
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Impact on Children in Armenian Genocide
Pictures:
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Survivor Story:
By Hagop Martin Deranian
Varter was born in 1885 in the lively village of Hussenig which, with its population of five thousand, was located in a valley a few miles below the flourishing and more urban city of Kharpert.
It began with the ominous knock on the door in the middle of the night. The Turkish gendarmes said that they wished to make some immediate purchases in the Nazarian store. Mugrditch was not given time to dress but left his tranquil home dressed only in pajamas.
Varter never saw her husband again. No one agreed on the precise fate of Mugrditch Nazarian. Some say he was taken out of town a few miles and shot. Others relate that he was among those who were imprisoned in Mezireh and exposed to inhuman tortures so unbearable that he and the other prisoners poured the kerosene from the jail lamps onto themselves and ended their lives as human pyres.
A few days later, on June 11, the horror began for Varter, all the more frightening since she was nearly full term with another child. Ordered to prepare for “deportation”, she gathered her infirm in-laws, her maid Tamam, and her children, Eghisapet, Takouhi, Nazareth, Yeghsa, Arakel and Avedis.
She obtained a donkey with a saddle bag with two pockets. In each pocket she placed one of her smallest children. The next day, the gendarmes pushed the donkey with its two children down a mountainside and to their deaths.
“I saw Varter at noon”, a fellow companion tearfully recalled of that day, “and when I saw her again in the evening, I could not recognize her, She was almost naked”. “Elmas”, Varter said to her friend in utter anguish and pain, “let us find a well and throw ourselves into it”. At that moment of despair, some Arab woman took pity on her and drew some water from the well and quickly gave it to her before the gendarmes saw. They had been traveling in these terrible conditions for a month and a half since leaving Mezireh.
One morning soon thereafter, Varter awoke with her children and saw that the caravan had moved on. Seizing the opportunity to hide, she descended into a dry well with her children. There she remained safely for two days without food. A passing Arab, some say a Pasha, came to the well and shouted into it, “If there is anyone down there, let him speak, as I am about to throw stones in the well”. “No, don't throw any stones”, Varter shouted, “I am here with my children”. “Very well” the Arab replied, “I will help you out”. Varter was relieved. “Help my children out one at a time”, she pleaded. “Then I will come”. “No!” the Arab emphatically responded. “You come first so that we may pull the children out together”. Hesitatingly and very slowly, Varter lifted herself out. Seeing her comeliness, the Arab seized her and forcibly adducted her. He was totally deaf to her appeals for her children left in the well. Their echoing voices cried after her, “Mother, Mother!” Those infant cries haunted and tormented her the remaining days and dark nights of her life. The dry hole became Varter’s wailing well.
International Response:
http://www.armenian-genocide.org/recognition.html
Works Cited:
Pictures and Story:
http://www.genocide-museum.am/eng/personal_histories.php
International Response:
http://www.armenian-genocide.org/recognition.html
Stephanie Alva
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May 29, 2013
Impact on Children in the Armenian Genocide
Photos:
http://armeniahomeland.files.wordpress.com/2010/03/armenian-orphans-at-alexandropol.jpg
http://i-cias.com/e.o/ill/armenian_gc01.jpg
http://ic.pics.livejournal.com/517design/3962795/471250/471250_original.jpg
Survivor Story:
Tiruhi’s recollection of escape and resettlement
Tiruhi Khorozyan, 96, is one of the few living witnesses of the Genocide She was only six years old, but already perceived the words ‘enemy’ and ‘Turk’ as synonymous. She was too little to understand why it was so, but big enough to remember those bloody episodes and atrocities for the rest of her life.
Tiruhi remembers the day when she escaped the Turkish sword
“We were escaping for two days through rocks and gorges and were so thirsty that our mouths had dried, we gasped for breath. My mother went downhill to fetch water from the gorge and came back terrified. The river had become red from the blood of the dead bodies thrown into it,” Tiruhi remembers.
Adabazar is a town situated in the northwest of Turkey. In 1915 it still had a population of about 30,000 people, more than half of whom were Armenians. They were mainly engaged in trade, crafts, husbandry and fruit-growing. There were four churches there with preparatory schools and gymnasiums attached to each of them.
Tiruhi remembers that they had a large orchard of mainly chestnut and walnut trees. “We had plenty of sacks of them in the yard,” she says.
Beginning in 1915 the Armenian population was displaced and killed on the road. Tiruhi’s father, Andranik Arzumanyan, was a fidayi, a guerilla as Tiruhi calls him, who helped people escape Turkish yataghans (swords).
“One day two Turkish soldiers caught my father who had me with him. He was seized and taken away, I was a little kid, and I lost my way,” says Tiruhi.
“The soldiers showed me the direction to get to home. I took that way and what I saw was murdered people, blood and deaths on all four sides. I didn’t know what to do, where to run. I was lucky that an elderly woman was passing by with two children, she took me and said she would take me to my mom.”
On a way seemingly leading to home three Turkish soldiers caught them, and one of them wanted to kill them. “Happily, one of them said: ‘Since they have survived after all this, let them live’.”
The Turkish soldiers took Tiruhi to a place where there were 15 children.
“I became the sixteenth. When one of the Turkish officers saw me, he said he would take me with him as his daughter.”
Luckily, after long searches, Tiruhi’s mother found her daughter the same day and was able to rescue her. Then the mother took Tiruhi and her younger sister and brother to Izmir and later to Greece.
A year later they were joined by their father who had managed to escape.
“We lived in Greece for about 18 years, until 1932. We worked at a tobacco plant. When Soviet Armenia began to receive repatriates, we came to Yerevan,” Tiruhi says.
Tiruhi has no item from her birthplace that would remind her of her native town. “Where should I have them from if we fled from there with lightening speed?” she says.
The old woman confesses that she would hardly be ready to forgive the Turks ever. “Perhaps the young people will forgive them, because they didn’t see all that, but not me. I cannot forgive them ever,” she says and repeats: “I can’t.”
And with what seems to be her look cast back at her burning childhood, she adds: “Eh, we lived that life, good or bad it was ours. We will perhaps have a better life in the other world.”
International response:
http://www.armenian-genocide.org/Affirmation.429/current_category.4/affirmation_detail.html
Works Cited:
Survivors Story
http://www.genocide-museum.am/eng/personal_histories.php
Anastas Beribak
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may 29,2013
Impact on Children in the Armenian Genocide
Photos:http://www.genocide-museum.am/eng/img/Hamidian-atrocities-1894-1896/011.jpg
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Primary Source(Soldier)Letter to American Embassy
AMERICAN CONSULATE
TREBIZOND.
July 7, 1915.
Honorable Henry Morgenthau,
American Ambassador
Constantinople.
Sir:-
Referring to my despatches to the Embassy of June 28th, 30th and July 3rd regarding the deportation of the Armenians from Trebizond to the Interior via Gumashhane and my despatch of July 3rd to the Department, copy of which was sent to the Embassy, regarding the suicide of Cavass Ohannes I now desire to report that the Armenian population of Trebizond Vilayet is estimated at 36,000 persons. The city of Trebizond and surrounding villages is estimated at 10,000 Armenians. Of this later number 5200 have already been sent away. The children, when the parents so desired, were left behind and placed in large houses in different parts of the city. There are approximately three thousand such children retained in these houses called by the Turks "Orphanages"
Girls up to 15 years of age inclusive, and boys to 10 years of age inclusive are accepted; those over these ages are compelled to go with their parents. A number of Armenian women and young ladies are retained in these houses to look after the infants and children. The institutions are guarded by gendarmes and each institution has a Turkish Mudir or Director.
Dr. and Mrs. Crawford received about 300 children into their school from parents who were being sent away. Some of these children were very small and there were a few babies. In some cases the parents left money or jewelry to cover the expenses of the children, or for safe keeping. Of course this was all contrary to the proclamation on which had been posted by the government.
The Governor General sent words to Dr. Crawford that he would be required to give up the children as the authorities were prepared to take care of them but nevertheless left the children a few days until arrangements could be made for them then sent and took them all away. The authorities also called upon him to turn over all money and articles of any kind deposited by Armenians in contravention of the proclamation.
Very disquieting reports concerning the treatment of these people who have been sent away are current and if one half turn out to be true it will be shocking.
I have the honor to be Sir,
Your obedient servant,
Signed:- Oscar S. Heizer.
American Consul.
International response:http://armenianstudies.csufresno.edu/hye_sharzhoom/vol19/may62/genocide.html
Work Cited:http://www.armenian-genocide.org/us-7-20-15-text.html
Casey Hynes
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Impact on Children in Armenian Genocide
Photos:
http://www.genocide-museum.am/eng/children/20a.jpg
http://firstlightforum.files.wordpress.com/2012/01/armenian-genocide-proof.jpeg
http://armenpress.am/static/news/b/2013/05/718779.jpg
Survival Story:
I saw my father killed when I was 9 years old.
We lived in Palou [an Armenian enclave in Turkey], in the mountains. My father was a businessman. He'd go into the country selling pots and pans, butter, dairy products. The Turks, they ride in one day and get all the men together, bring them to a church. Every man came back out, hands tied behind them. Then they slaughter them, like sheep, with long knives.
They all die, 25 people in my family die. You can't walk, they kill you. You walk, they kill you. They did not care who they kill. My husband, who was a boy in my village but I did not know him then, he saw his mother's head cut off. The Turks, they see a pregnant woman, they cut the baby out of her and hold it up on their knife to show.
My mother and I, we run. They get one of my other sisters, and one of my other sisters, she was four, she ran away. My mother was hit by the Turks, she was bleeding as we go. We walk and walk, I say Ma, wait, I want to look for my little sister, but my mother slap me, say No! Too dangerous, we keep walking. It gets darker and darker, but we walk. Still, I don't know where. The Turks had taken over our city.
Two, three days we walk, little to eat. Finally, we find my sister, who had run away. Then we walk to Harput, and I see Turks and want to run, but they are friendly Turks, my mother tell me. She say, You go live with them now, you'll be safe, and I was. I worked there, waiting on them, cleaning, but I was alive and safe. But I don't see my mother for five years. She was taken to the mountains to live, and she saw hundreds of dead Armenians, hundreds of them, who had been killed by the Turks, bodies all over.
Years later, my mother say to the Turks, I want to see my child, and they let her come back. She came to the house at night. She did not know me, but I know it was her. Her voice was the same as I remember it. I tell her who I am, she say, You are my daughter! and we kiss, hug, and cry and cry.
International Response:
http://armenianstudies.csufresno.edu/hye_sharzhoom/vol19/may62/genocide.html
Works Cited:
"Katherine Magarian." - Armeniapedia.org. N.p., n.d. Web. 30 May 2013.
Jordan Eisner
ReplyDeletePeriod 2
Lasting Impact/Legacy
Primary Source:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gG2AJ1tQM3I
Pictures:
http://disinfo.s3.amazonaws.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/04/Turk_official_teasing_Armenian_starved_children_by_showing_bread_1915_Collection_of_St._Lazar_Mkhitarian_Congregation.jpg
http://www.acus.org/files/images/armenian-genocide-memorial.preview.jpg
http://blogs.tribune.com.pk/wp-content/uploads/2010/12/Turkey-armenia-640x480.jpg
International Response:
"THIRTY-EIGHTH SESSION
August 5-30 1985 Geneva, Switzerland
Statement by Mr. Laurin of the International Federation of Human Rights2
Genocide is the worst crime under international law, and any attempt to hide it or deny its existence must be looked upon as a serious infringement of human rights, derogating from the rights of peoples to their history, their memory, their dignity and their right to moral restitution.
My organization, which has protested in both the Commission on Human Rights and the Sub- Commission at the deletion from the previous report of a paragraph3 concerning the Genocide of which Armenians have been victims in the Ottoman Empire, welcomes the fact that Mr. Whitaker has covered the topic in his latest report. ‡
Evidence of that massacre has been provided in numerous diplomatic documents of the various countries, including Germany, which had been Turkey's ally during the First World War.
The premeditated nature of the acts aimed at the systematic and organized extermination of all Armenians living in their own historical territory and in the rest of the Ottoman Empire has been amply documented.
In 1923 and 1926, my organization urged the League of Nations to ensure that Armenians who had survived the massacre were given sufficient territory to guarantee their national life.
The acts committed against the Armenians meet the definition of genocide given in the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide."
http://www.teachgenocide.org/files/DocsMaps/UN%20Report%20on%20Genocide%20(excerpts).pdf
Brandon Kheradmand
ReplyDeletePeriod: 5
Impact of Children Armenian Genocide
Primary Source/Pictures:
http://www.barbaraleung.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/08/national-geographic-armenian-genocide-9.jpeg
http://img.dailymail.co.uk/i/pix/2007/08_04/armenians_468x287.jpg
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Marcharmenians.jpg/320px-Marcharmenians.jpg
Survivor Story:
STORY OF VERONIKA BERBERYAN
"Yozghantsi Veronika Berberyan (born 1907) recalls the Turkish recruitment: “…Towards the evening on Saturday they gathered all the men to send them to the Turkish army, but there they separated Armenians from Turks.
My grandpa, Priest Hakob Berberyan, who was entrusted to protect the rights of the Armenians, seeing that Armenian and Turkish soldiers were being separated, asked “Why do you single out the Armenians?” The Turkish commander answered, “Papaz (priest) efendi, Armenians are to go work on road construction, and Turks are going to the Russian front”.
The next day was Sunday. My grandfather had just arrived at home after serving mass. Immediately, we learned about the horrible news. Artin Agha’s son was a miller. He woke up in the morning, went to work and there saw severed human heads and limbs near the mill. Shocked by the horror, he hurried to the house panting, and described what he had seen. Artin Agha and his son came and told my grandfather, “They have butchered the men they had called soldiers yesterday”. My grandfather instructed him, “Go, complain to the ghaymagham (governor)”. Artin Agha went to the ghaymagham to complain, but the latter had not returned home that night.
The next day, Monday, two Turkish gendarmes came with clubs. On previous occasions when gendarmes had come to our house, they had politely asked the priest efendi to get dressed and go with them. This time they came and rudely commanded, “Haide, kalkn” (now get up). They took my grandfather to the ghaymagham. With my grandfather they also took the local distinguished figures, tradesmen and the intellectuals. A Turk said to my grandfather, “Papaz efendi, your last hour is here, what do you have to say?” My grandfather fell on his knees and began to pray. A Turkish soldier then swung an axe and beheaded the priest. The soldiers then started to play football with the head of my grandfather…” Verjine Svazlian. The Armenian Genocide: Testimonies of the Eyewitness Survivors. Yerevan, 2000, Testimony214, pp.353-354.
International Response:
http://www.anca.org/assets/pdf/resolutions/2003CA-S.pdf
Works Cited Picture:
http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-479143/The-forgotten-Holocaust-The-Armenian-massacre-inspired-Hitler.html
Brittney Collinson
ReplyDeletePeriod: 5
5-29-13
Impact On Children In The Armenian Genocide
Photos:
http://www.kobayat.org/data/documents/historical/armenian_genocide/
http://bibleprobe.com/christianmartyrs-armenia.htm
-death-7848763.html
http://www.genocideeducation.org/files/A%20Brief%20History%20of%20the%20Armenian%20Genocide.pdf
This man survived the Armenian Genocide. Eight Decades Later, He is sharing his story before It's too late.
Haig Baronian Born in 1908 in Baiburt
"I do not remember how many days our decimated caravan marched. Day by day, the male contingent of the caravan got smaller and smaller. Under the pretext of not killing them if they would hand over liras, gold coins, men would be milked of what little money they had, and then they would be killed anyway. Days wore on. Those who could not keep up were put out of their misery.
Always bodies were found strewn by the wayside. At one place, my little grandmother loudly cursed the Turkish government for its inhumanity. Pointing to us children, she asked: "What is the fault of children to be subjected to such suffering?" It was too much for a gendarme to bear; he pulled his dagger and plunged it into my grandmother's back. The more he plunged his dagger, the more my beloved Nana asked for heaven's curses on him and his kind.
Unable to silence her with repeated dagger thrusts, the gendarme mercifully pumped some bullets into her and ended her life. First my uncle, now my grandmother were left unmourned and unburied by the wayside. We moved on."
Work cited:
The following article was originally published in The Los Angeles Times Magazine in May 1999.
http://www.huffingtonpost.com/mobileweb/janet-kinosian/witness-to-fire-survivors_b_190882.html
Daniel Hirsch
ReplyDeleteperiod: 2
5-30-13
impact on children in the Armenian Genocide
photo url's:
https://encrypted-tbn3.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcQxFKpRkwJvhQin_uqkMFfq9rP4JOx4zUtKOaGWR30-2m5PN4q8
https://encrypted-tbn1.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcR2UjzA-pFEpAdcZ7EwmqhJud7bQHdCYnL_Ryo9P8WYCwXKgboF
https://encrypted-tbn1.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcQWtjoLDNWJ21-9CXumj97bFhIqveARa4AJqiDPAn_A5uXbBaz7MA
These are some of the words of Ambassador Morgenthau as he explained the horrific acts of the Armenian genocide...
"A string of encampments, filled by the sick and the dying, mingled with the unburied or half-buried bodies of the dead, marked the course of the advancing throngs. Flocks of vultures followed them in the air, and ravenous dogs, fighting one another for the bodies of the dead, constantly pursued them. The most terrible scenes took place at the rivers, especially the Euphrates. Sometimes, when crossing this stream, the gendarmes would push the women into the water, shooting all who attempted to save themselves by swimming. Frequently the women themselves would save their honour by jumping into the river, their children in their arms.
. . . All the way to Ras-ul-Ain, the first station on the Bagdad line, the existence of these wretched travellers was one prolonged horror. The gendarmes went ahead, informing the half-savage tribes of the mountains that several thousand Armenian women and girls were approaching. The Arabs and Kurds began to carry off the girls, the mountaineers fell upon them repeatedly, violating and killing the women, and the gendarmes themselves joined in the orgy. One by one the few men who accompanied the convoy were killed. The women had succeeded in secreting money from their persecutors, keeping it in their mouths and hair; with this they would buy horses, only to have them repeatedly stolen by the Kurdish tribesmen. Finally the gendarmes, having robbed and beaten and violated and killed their charges for thirteen days, abandoned them altogether.
Two days afterward the Kurds went through the party and rounded up all the males who still remained alive. They found about 150, their ages varying from 15 to 90 years, and these, they promptly took away and butchered to the last man. But that same day another convoy from Sivas joined - his one from Harpoot, increasing the numbers of the whole caravan to 18,000 people.
. . . On the seventieth day a few creatures reached Aleppo. Out of the combined convoy of 18,000 souls just 150 women and children reached their destination. A few of the rest, the most attractive, were still living as captives of the Kurds and Turks; all the rest were dead.'"
work cited:
http://www.eyewitnesstohistory.com/armenianmassacre.htm
Guyler Levy
ReplyDeletePeriod: 2
5/30/13
Impact on children in the Armenian Genocide
Survivor Story:
STORY OF SEROPE ASDADURIAN
"Our family consisted of fifteen members, of whom four are now living, the others having died by the hands of the Kurds and Turks.
"Before the year 1893 the brother of the celebrated robber chief, Mousa Bey, had abducted the daughter of the head man of our village. After a while the girl was rescued from his hands and married to a young man of Vartenis. In the spring of 1893 she visited her father's house, after which her father wished to send her, under safe escort, to her husband at Vartenis. He besought my father to carry her, and he accepted the charae. On the way fifteen Kurds attacked the party and attempted to carry off the woman, but eny father and his companions resisted, and delivered the woman safely to her husband, two of the Kurds being killed in the affray. My father fled to Russia, but soon returned, and for a month or so remained so concealed that no one saw him. After a while, however, it became known that he had returned, and suddenly one day the Mudir (Turkish petty governor) of the neighboring village surrounded our house with a band of zabtiehs (gendarmes) to seize my father. He knew that to be taken was probably to be killed with tortures, and determined to sell his life as dearly as possible. So when the zabtiehs burst open the door and cacne in my father killed one of them and rushed out with his rifle. But in his haste he struck his head violently against the frame of the door and fell, nearly dead. One of the zabiehs fired and killed him. They then killed my mother, my two sisters, my uncle and four cousins. They carried away our cattle and sheep, robbed the house and burned it."
So the crimson storm of carnage rolled on, until not less than thirty villages had been laid waste, so completely destroyed that even the names had been erased from the official records. As to the number of killed it is almost impossible to give accurate estimate. It must have been not less than five or six thousand, many put it much higher. Some soldiers said that a hundred fell to each one of them to dispose of, while others wept because the Kurds did more execution than they. Some, however, claimed to have been unwilling actors in the scene and suffered great mental torments. The wife of one noticed that he failed te pray, as had been his invariable custom. She spoke of it to him and he answered, "God will not hear me. If there is a God he will take vengeance for these awful deeds. Is there any use to pray? "It is also told of other soldiers that on reaching their homes they inquired of Armenian acquaintances, "Who is this Jesus of Nazareth? The Sassun women were constantly calling out to Him."
"At last the carnage stopped. The commander-in-chief of the fourth army corps at Erzingan reached the field in time to save a few prisoners alive and to prevent the extermination of four more villages that were on the list to be distroyed. He then sent a telegram to Constantinople that reballion had been overcome and that order had been restored in the province. For this he received a medal and the thanks of the Sultan."
Work Cited:
http://www.genocide-museum.am/eng/personal_histories.php
Photo Url:
http://www.genocide-museum.am/eng/online_exhibition_3.php
International Response:
http://www.armenian-genocide.org/us-7-16-15-2.html
Period 2
ReplyDeleteThe Impact on Children Of The Armenian Genocide
pictures:
http://homepage-link.to/turkey/images/Armenian-Refugee-Children-resampled.jpg
http://www.jewishjournal.com/images/photos/NW_armenian1_042205.jpg
http://www.jdemirdjian.com/Images2010/Armenian_Genocide_131.jpg
A Survivor of the Armenian Genocide remembers their hardships (excerpt from interview)
"My name is Vartan Hartunian and I am the pastor of the First Armenian Church in Belmont, Massachusetts. I am one of a diminishing number of survivors of the Armenian genocide. I was born on February 11, 1915 and the genocide broke out on April 24, 1915. Prior to the genocide, in the 11th and 12th centuries, the Armenian people were subjugated by the Ottoman Turks. Since that time, they have been tolerated, but have had few civil rights, not comparable to the civil rights of the Turks. The Armenian people lived under tension, because of their situation, vis a vis the Turkish government. They lived in fear and massacres would break out here and there for various reasons. The greatest one was in 1895, when Abdul Hamid, "the bloody Sultan", ordered the massacres; some 300,000 Armenians were slaughtered throughout Turkey."
Alex Bergman
ReplyDeletePeriod 5
6/1/2013
The Impact on Children from the Armenian Genocide
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/06/Armenian_Genocide_Museum-Institute_7.JPG
http://ellabakercenter.org/sites/default/files/blog/wp-content/uploads/Armenian-Genocide.jpg
http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_-FluDUxkhVc/S9LmV1mdlFI/AAAAAAAAA40/_WYkbMjubXY/s1600/armenian-genocide-02-jpg.jpeg
First hand account by a Turkish army officer
...Then the deportations started. The children were kept back at first. The Government opened up a school for the grown up children and the American Consul of Trebizond instituted an asylum for the infants. When the first batches of Armenians arrived at Gumush-Khana all able-bodied men were sorted out with the excuse that they were going to be given work. The women and children were sent ahead under escort with the assurance by the Turkish authorities that their final destination was Mosul and that no harm will befall them. The men kept behind, were taken out of town in batches of 15 and 20, lined up on the edge of ditches prepared beforehand, shot and thrown into the ditches. Hundreds of men were shot every day in a similar manner. The women and children were attacked on their way by the ("Shotas") the armed bands organised by the Turkish Government who attacked them and seized a certain number. After plundering and committing the most dastardly outrages on the women and children they massacred them in cold blood. These attacks were a daily occurrence until every woman and child had been got rid of. The military escorts had strict orders not to interfere with the "Shotas".
The children that the Government had taken in charge were also deported and massacred.
The infants in the care of the American Consul of Trebizond were taken away with the pretext that they were going to be sent to Sivas where an asylum had been prepared for them. They were taken out to sea in little boats. At some distance out they were stabbed to death, put in sacks and thrown into the sea. A few days later some of their little bodies were washed up on the shore at Trebizond...
International response:
http://www.armenian-genocide.org/br-12-26-16-text.html
Works cited:
http://www.armenian-genocide.org/br-12-26-16-text.html
This comment has been removed by the author.
ReplyDeleteLily Giedd
ReplyDeletePeriod 2
Armenian genocide- Political motives
Pictures:
http://www.google.com/search?client=safari&rls=en&q=armenian+genocide+pictures&oe=UTF-8&um=1&ie=UTF-8&hl=en&tbm=isch&source=og&sa=N&tab=wi&ei=AIOqUeDIPMGviQLQrIHwDA&biw=1280&bih=587&sei=AoOqUZjfLKqTiAKzi4D4Dg#um=1&client=safari&rls=en&hl=en&tbm=isch&sa=1&q=armenian+genocide+articles&oq=armenian+genocide+articles&gs_l=img.3..0i24l2.58957.60249.2.60731.8.6.0.2.2.0.101.394.5j1.6.0...0.0...1c.1.15.img.ri682kVApjc&bav=on.2,or.r_cp.r_qf.&bvm=bv.47244034,d.cGE&fp=590ae722c3c86922&biw=1280&bih=587&facrc=_&imgrc=489G0mCS3oEaDM%3A%3B0SJ322-
http://www.armenian-genocide.org/photo_elder_view.html?photo=igdirroad2.jpg&collection=elder&caption=Refugees+on+Igdir+road
http://www.google.com/search?client=safari&rls=en&q=armenian+genocide+graphs&oe=UTF-8&um=1&ie=UTF-8&hl=en&tbm=isch&source=og&sa=N&tab=wi&ei=GYKqUaqgMeXGiwK8uoGgAQ&biw=1280&bih=591&sei=G4KqUY3PCJCbjALQtIHgAQ#facrc=_&imgrc=qbGVCKBwZqv7YM%3A%3Bt1RlYPfEzoLqcM%3Bhttp%253A%252F%252Fwww.hawaii.edu%252Fpowerkills%252FDBG.FIG1.1.GIF%3Bhttp%253A%252F%252Fwww.hawaii.edu%252Fpowerkills%252FDBG.CHAP1.HTM%3B456%3B465
http://www.google.com/search?client=safari&rls=en&q=armenian+genocide+graphs&oe=UTF-8&um=1&ie=UTF-8&hl=en&tbm=isch&source=og&sa=N&tab=wi&ei=oIWqUfztKIiEiwKroIFw&biw=1280&bih=584&sei=p4WqUdLpFZGOigK6-4GYBA#facrc=_&imgrc=rx7Y7GmiXBtDSM%3A%3BSqZBNwtx_nz_nM%3Bhttp%253A%252F%252Fwww.armenianweekly.com%252Fwp-content%252Fuploads%252F2012%252F02%252Fweekly-anca.jpg%3Bhttp%253A%252F%252Femoryethics.blogspot.com%252F2012%252F05%252Fthis-week-ethics-in-news.html%3B631%3B585
Primary Source:
http://www.teachgenocide.org/files/Witnesses%20to%20the%20Armenian%20Genocide.pdf
International Response:
http://www.armenian-genocide.org/recognition.html
Lauren Palla
ReplyDeletePeriod 5
primary source
(speech) http://wilson.engr.wisc.edu/Armenia/justin.html
pictures
http://www.cilicia.com/uploaded_images/genocidal_turks-773656.gif
http://genocidemarch.files.wordpress.com/2010/04/ag_95_1024x768.jpg
http://24avril1915.free.fr/documents/carte-deportation.jpg
international response
"The parliament also voted against recognition (by 245 to 37) in 2008. The difference this time is that the Social Democrats have changed their position," Carl Bildt.
http://www.thelocal.se/25468/20100311/
Alexis S. Montiel
ReplyDeletePeriod 5
Armenian Genocide: Political Motives
Primary Source: "This was Turkey's academic community asserting its independence," says Razmik Panossian, a leading Armenian academic and director of programmes at the Canadian Rights and Democracy pressure group.
"They were saying 'We'll go ahead with this even if people are against us'. This was a very important step to take."
For many then, both in Turkey and elsewhere, the significance of the weekend's conference, which saw mainly Turkish scholars debate the record, was not 1915, but 2005.
"The conference was not just about the Armenian issue," says Ekyen Mahcupyan, the ethnic Armenian director of Turkish think-tank TESEV's democratisation programme. "It was about Turkey showing itself and the world that it can discuss issues like who we are and what kind of world we want to live in."
http://www.armenian-genocide.org/News.34/current_category.172/press_detail.html
Picture 1: http://www.armenian-genocide.org/photo_elder_view.html?photo=feeding.jpg&collection=elder&caption=Government+feeding+station+--+Erivan
Picture 2: http://www.armenian-genocide.org/photo_elder_view.html?photo=reception.jpg&collection=elder&caption=Novobiadzitch+--+Reception+for+NER+%5BNear%20East%20Relief%5D+Workers
Picture 3: http://emerygenocide2009.wikispaces.com/4ArmeniaWhy
International Response: "It was not war. It was most certainly massacre and genocide, something the world must remember... We will always reject any attempt to erase its record, even for some political advantage." -Yossi Beilin
http://www.genocide1915.info/quotes/
Paige Holehouse
ReplyDeletePeriod 2
Armenian Genocide Political motives
Pictutres:
https://www.google.com/search?q=the+armenian+genocide+political+motives&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ei=MfurUY7aN6OziQKN7ID4Bg&ved=0CAcQ_AUoAQ&biw=1920&bih=971#facrc=_&imgrc=KXfJNVlSLoaWlM%3A%3BK9l2z507SgGLLM%3Bhttp%253A%252F%252Fharvardpolitics.com%252Fblog%252Fwp-content%252Fuploads%252F2012%252F03%252Fgenocide-teghahanman-qartez.jpg%3Bhttp%253A%252F%252Fharvardpolitics.com%252Fworld%252Ffrance-turkey-and-the-politics-of-genocide%252F%3B1890%3B1386
http://www.kobayat.org/data/documents/historical/armenian_genocide/g12.jpg
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/US_State_Department_document_on_Armenian_Refugess_in_1921.jpg/200px-US_State_Department_document_on_Armenian_Refugess_in_1921.jpg
Primary source:
“What other country will be the most powerful country to stand up and say this happened and it should be corrected, it should be recognized?”
“They took my education! They took my family! Do you know what it was like? I went crazy!”
http://www.pasadenaweekly.com/cms/story/detail/witness_to_genocide/9011/
International Response: This commentary for Head Heritage is an attempt to outline a hidden chapter in history that Julian Cope alluded to in his wonderful description of his time in Armenia via his Armenian Augustrudion. In Cope’s article he mentioned in passing the 1915 genocide of close to one and a half million Armenians, a crime committed by the Ottoman Empire and a crime that is still denied by Turkey today. This piece that Julian Cope has graciously allowed to be published on his site will detail some of the main events of the genocide, and the British governmental fluctuations towards this central theme in Armenian memory. Between the late nineteenth century and up until the 1930s, the tragic nature of anti-Armenian pogroms and then the genocide was commented upon and discussed amongst the general British media and by politicians of note. However, since the end of the Second World War, Armenians have felt beleaguered in their attempts to gain recognition for the crimes that caused such early dialogue, and embittered by various British Governments’ response to their requests for recognition. More recently, the British Government has shown willingness towards allying themselves with the Turkish Government’s denial of the crime of genocide for political purposes.
http://www.headheritage.co.uk/uknow/features/?id=55
Cole Bowers
ReplyDeletePeriod 5
Armenian Genocide
Pictures- http://anccanada.org/upload_files/news/090513t_genocide.jpg
http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-WDs_5Ofa380/UIWV7X39LCI/AAAAAAAABaA/Ec6syu4s2co/s1600/Armenian-Genocide.jpg
http://www.genocide-museum.am/eng/img/pitchman/2.jpg
Primary Source- The decision to carry out a genocide against the Armenian people was made by the political party in power in the Ottoman Empire. This was the Committee of Union and Progress (CUP) (or Ittihad ve Terakki Jemiyeti), popularly known as the Young Turks. Three figures from the CUP controlled the government; Mehmet Talaat, Minister of the Interior in 1915 and Grand Vizier (Prime Minister) in 1917; Ismail Enver, Minister of War; Ahmed Jemal, Minister of the Marine and Military Governor of Syria. This Young Turk triumvirate relied on other members of the CUP appointed to high government posts and assigned to military commands to carry out the Armenian Genocide. In addition to the Ministry of War and the Ministry of the Interior, the Young Turks also relied on a newly-created secret outfit which they manned with convicts and irregular troops, called the Special Organization (Teshkilati Mahsusa). Its primary function was the carrying out of the mass slaughter of the deported Armenians. In charge of the Special Organization was Behaeddin Shakir, a medical doctor. Moreover, ideologists such as Zia Gokalp propagandized through the media on behalf of the CUP by promoting Pan-Turanism, the creation of a new empire stretching from Anatolia into Central Asia whose population would be exclusively Turkic. These concepts justified and popularized the secret CUP plans to liquidate the Armenians of the Ottoman Empire. The Young Turk conspirators, other leading figures of the wartime Ottoman government, members of the CUP Central Committee, and many provincial administrators responsible for atrocities against the Armenians were indicted for their crimes at the end of the war. The main culprits evaded justice by fleeing the country. Even so, they were tried in absentia and found guilty of capital crimes. The massacres, expulsions, and further mistreatment of the Armenians between 1920 and 1923 were carried by the Turkish Nationalists, who represented a new political movement opposed to the Young Turks, but who shared a common ideology of ethnic exclusivity.
International Response- During the Armenian Genocide, the Christian missionaries serving in the Empire were often threatened with death and were unable to help the people. Diplomats from the still neutral United States communicated their blunt assessments of the ongoing government actions. U.S. ambassador to Turkey, Henry Morgenthau, reported to Washington: ‘When the Turkish authorities gave the orders for these deportations, they were merely giving the death warrant to a whole race”
The Allied Powers (Great Britain, France, Russia) responded to news of the massacres by issuing a warning to Turkey: ”the Allied governments announce publicly’that they will hold all the members of the Ottoman Government, as well as such of their agents as are implicated, personally responsible for such matters.’
The warning had no effect. Newspapers in the West including the New York Times published reports of the continuing deportations with the headlines: Armenians Are Sent to Perish in the Desert ‘ Turks Accused of Plan to Exterminate Whole Population (August 18, 1915) ‘ Million Armenians Killed or in Exile ‘ American Committee on Relief Says Victims of Turks Are Steadily Increasing ‘ Policy of Extermination (December 15, 1915).
Works Cited-
Primary Source- http://www.armenian-genocide.org/genocidefaq.html
International Response- http://www.unitedhumanrights.org/genocide/armenian_genocide.htm
Chad Patterson
ReplyDeletePeriod 5
5-30-13
Armenian Genocide-International response
When I returned to Aleppo in September, 1915, from a three months' holiday at Beirout, I heard with horror that a new phase of Armenian massacres had begun which were far more terrible than the earlier massacres under Abd-ul-Hamid, and which aimed at exterminating, root and branch, the intelligent, industrious, and progressive Armenian nation, and at transferring its property to Turkish hands.
Such monstrous news left me at first incredulous. I was told that, in various quarters of Aleppo, there were lying masses of half-starved people, the survivors of so-called "deportation convoys." In order, I was told, to cover the extermination of the Armenian nation with a political cloak, military reasons were being put forward, which were said to make it necessary to drive the Armenians out of their native seats, which had been theirs for 2,500 years, and to deport them to the Arabian deserts. I was also told that individual Armenians bad lent themselves to acts of espionage.
After I had informed myself about the facts and had made enquiries on all sides, I came to the conclusion that all these accusations against the Armenians were, in fact, based on trifling provocations, which were taken as an excuse for slaughtering 10,000 innocents for one guilty person, for the most savage outrages against women and children, and for a campaign of starvation against the exiles which was intended to exterminate the whole nation.
To test the conclusion derived from my information, I visited all the places in the city where there were Armenians left behind by the convoys. In dilapidated caravansaries (hans) I found quantities of dead, many corpses being half-decomposed, and others, still living, among them, who were soon to breathe their last. In other yards I found quantities of sick and starving people whom no one was looking after. In the neighbourhood of the German Technical School, at which I am employed as a higher grade teacher, there were four such hans, with seven or eight hundred exiles dying of starvation. We teachers and our pupils had to pass by them every day. Every time we went out we saw through the open windows their pitiful forms, emaciated and wrapped in rags. In the mornings our school children, on their way through the narrow streets, had to push past the two-wheeled ox-carts, on which every day from eight to ten rigid corpses, without coffin or shroud, were carried away, their arms and legs trailing out of the vehicle.
http://www.ianyanmag.com/2009/04/22/thoughts-on-the-armenian-genocide-94-years-later/
http://www.tallarmeniantale.com/3-trial.htm (2 pictures)
International response: Telegram Sent.
Department of State,
Washington May 29, 1915
Am[erican]embassy,
Constantinople.
French Foreign Office requests following notice be given Turkish Government. Quote. May 24th. For about a month the Kurd and Turkish population of Armenia has been massacring Armenians with the connivance and often assistance of Ottoman authorities. Such massacres took place in middle April (?) at Erzerum, Dertchun, Eguine, Akn, Bitlis, Mouch, Sassoun, Zeitoun, and through Cilicia. Inhabitants of about one hundred villages near Van were all murdered. In that city Armenian quarter is besieged by Kurds. At the same time in Constantinople government ill treats inoffensive Armenian population. In view of these new crimes of Turkey against humanity and civilization the Allied governments announce publicly to the Sublime Porte that they will hold personally responsible these crimes all members of the Ottoman government and those of their agents who are implicated in such massacres. Unquote.
(signed) [William Jennings] Bryan
This comment has been removed by the author.
ReplyDeleteNeil Villadolid
ReplyDeletePeriod 2
Armenian Genocide/ Political Motives
Primary Source-
http://www.youngarmenians.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=category&layout=blog&id=51&Itemid=132
International Response-
"In view of these new crimes of Turkey against humanity and civilization, the Allied Governments announce publicly to the Sublime Porte that they will hold personally responsible for these crimes all members of the Ottoman Government, as well as those of their agents who are implicated in such massacres".
Three Pictures-
http://ostarmenia.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/04/armenian-genocide1915-300x218.jpg
http://armeniahomeland.files.wordpress.com/2010/03/armenian-orphans-at-alexandropol.jpg
http://spotilove.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/08/01-2-480x323-1345045135.jpg
Iqbal Qayum
ReplyDeletePeriod 2
Armenian Genocide: Political Motives
Pictures:
http://www.columbia.edu/itc/history/winter/w3206/images/armeniangenocidevictimsweb.jpg
http://www.armenian-history.com/images/phocagallery/Genocide/thumbs/phoca_thumb_l_armenian_genocide.jpg
http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-hnX84-j97CI/UXliD6zsFhI/AAAAAAAABs4/zwn-nXCdgU0/s1600/armenian-genocide-children.jpg
Letter of Armenian Victim- Mannig Dobajian-Kouyoumjian:
http://www.newropeans-magazine.org/content/view/9280/44/
International Response:
http://www.unitedhumanrights.org/genocide/armenian_genocide.htm
Works Cited:
http://www.armenian-genocide.org/young_turks.html
Ryan Nober
ReplyDeletePeriod 2
armenian genocide
Pictures-
http://files.myopera.com/EverlastJazz/albums/642392/thumbs/armenian-genocide5.jpg_thumb.jpg
http://files.myopera.com/EverlastJazz/albums/642392/ar-vict-witn.jpg
http://files.myopera.com/EverlastJazz/albums/642392/ar-vict-bones.jpg
Primary source-
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Hb7EK1XdGno
International response-
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=su1ytZ0WKkg&list=PLC19E20177778A4E8
Jacob Fisher
ReplyDeletePeriod 5
Methods
Pictures:
http://static.enotes.com/images/genocide/egch_01_img0021.jpg
http://bigfaithministries.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/01/Armenian-genocide-heads.png
http://static.guim.co.uk/sys-images/Guardian/Pix/pictures/2010/3/5/1267790311115/Ottoman-soldiers-pose-wit-001.jpg
Primary Source:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=u1ijIaMWwtk
International Response:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IqcjaPsJHXI
Shima Esmaeili
ReplyDeletePeriod 5
Methods
IMAGES :
http://www.edb.utexas.edu/faculty/salinas/students/student_sites/Fall2008/2/images/photochristianbodies.jpg
http://worldwithoutgenocide.org/wp-content/uploads/2010/01/armenian-genocide-2.png
http://www.gendercide.org/images/pics/armenia5.jpg
PRIMARY SOURCE:
http://www.teachgenocide.org/survivoraccounts/index.htm
INTERNATIONAL RESPONSE:
http://www.anca.org/genocide/wilson.php
Andrew Kahn
ReplyDeletePeriod 5
Methods
Image 1: http://worldwithoutgenocide.org/wp-content/uploads/2010/01/armenian-genocide-2.png
Image 2: http://bibleprobe.com/genocide2.jpg
Image 3: https://encrypted-tbn1.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcS-qpalt_pxPBBw0czXbv9IEfNI_5QP_oSPHhmpZK48BTNUxYqvdA
Diary entry: The thing that happened was that my house burnt down and the
only thing I have left is this journal that I got about 5 years ago. I am sad and my
mother died during the burning because she was sleeping. This journal is really a
help because I can’t say the words that I wasn’t to say out loud. I have emotional
problems and I really think that this problem goes through my father’s mind as well.
My father is the only one who is with me right now. I live in a little apartment that we
can at least afford to live in.
International Response:(explanation- father was accepted into the country. Therefore, America was responding to the issue.)
Like most people who have lived through genocide, they would almost never discuss their experiences. My father came to the United States after the massacres of 1907, but before the genocide that is usually characterized as beginning in 1915. My mother was deported, but was able to escape and somehow found her way back to her house.
http://www.armenian-genocide.org/photo_wegner.html
ReplyDeletehttp://www.tallarmeniantale.com/russian-diary.htm
http://www.genocide-museum.am/eng/arm_archive.php
jack korchek
ReplyDeleteperiod 5
armenian genocide
primary source:
http://www.armeniapedia.org/index.php?title=Armenian_Genocide_Survivor_and_Eyewitness_Accounts
international response:
http://www.armenian-genocide.org/recognition.html
pictures:
http://worldwithoutgenocide.org/genocides-and-conflicts/armenian-genocide
http://www.raymondibrahim.com/islam/the-forgotten-genocide-why-it-matters-today/
http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2010/mar/05/armenia-deportations-first-world-war-turkey
Diary:We walked for many days, occasionally running across small lakes and rivers. After awhile we saw corpses on the shores of these lakes. Then we began seeing them along the path: twisted corpses, blackened by the sun and bloated. Their stench was horrible. Vultures circled the skies above us, waiting for their evening meal.
ReplyDeleteArticle International:
THOUSANDS PROTEST ARMENIAN MURDERS
Only One Man and One woman Dissent from Resolutions Denouncing Outrages.
TURKS HAVE KILLED 500,000
Evidence taken from State Depart- ment Shows A Quarter of a Million Women Violated.
A great audience that packed the Century Theater,
Central Park West and Sixty-Second Street, yesterday afternoon, had just acclaimed its approval of a resolution deploring the atrocities committed against the Armenians by the Turks, when a man, who said his name was Brown, arose and demanded a chance to discuss the resolutions.
A woman, who said she was Mrs. Brooks, shouted encouragement to the disturber and demanded that he be heard. He was forcibly ejected from the theater, but in a few minutes was back, angrily demanding to have his say.
The meeting, held to condemn atrocities in Armenia, was under the auspices of a committee of prominent Americans and well-known Armenians. Hamilton Holt, editor of The Independent, presided, and the speakers were the Rev. Dr. James L. Barton of the American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions., Rabbi Stephen S. Wise, the Rev. Father John J. Wynne, S.J., editor of the Catholic Encyclopedia, W. Bourke Cockran, the Rev. Dr. Ernest Yarrow of Van, Turkey, and Rev. William J. Haven.
The resolutions adopted read as follows:
Whereas,thecivilizedworldhasbeenshockedby a series of massacres and deportations of
Armenians in the Turkish Empire; and Whereas, These crimes and outrages committed upon
an industrious, thrifty, and peace-loving people, find no justification, viewed either in the light of law or humanity; and
Whereas, Those Armenians who survive are in great need of succor and relief, be it hereby
Resolved, That as American citizens, we make our most solemn protest against these cruel and inhuman practices and implore all officials and others having influence in the Turkish Empire, to put an end to these wrongs and to render every aid to the American Ambassador and others who would rescue and repatriate a people, who, by their history and achievements have been a credit to the empire,
Resolved, Further, That war, whereof and by whatsoever nation waged, affords no warrant for inhumanity toward innocent persons. The slaughter of noncombatant men, the tortures, mutilations, and outrages committed upon women and children wherever committed have given to the fairest places upon the earth the semblance of hell. In the name of the God of Nations and our common humanity, we call upon the nations at war to cease these crimes against civilization and morality.
Father Wynn seconded the resolutions and Mr. Holt had put them up for approval when Brown arose, red with excitement.
Several men hurried to the disturber and started him down the aisle. Mrs. Brooks then demanded that the man be heard and followed those who were ejecting him.
The audience was on its feet, as were those on the stage, among the latter, Mgr. Lavelle, who represented Cardinal Farley; Charles R. Crane, of Chicago, the Rev. Dr. H. P. Mendes, Professor William W. Rockwell, Professor Samuel P. Dutton, and a score of other prominent men.
Angrily denouncing his ejectors and struggling every inch of the way the man was forced from the theatre.
“This meeting,” said Mr. Holt in his opening address, “is called for the purpose of deploring the greatest hecatomb known to history. The massacres now being perpetrated in Turkey are the most atrocious in the history of the world, and if they are to stop we must prevail upon Christian Germany, who alone can save the Armenians. The appeal may not be listened to in Constantinople, but it can be heard in Berlin.”
Pictures:
http://www.angelfire.com/ab/armeniangenocide/
(The third, fifth, and sixth picture)
Ally Freed
ReplyDeletePeriod 5
Methods
Primary Source
http://www.recognizearmeniangenocide.org/
“The Armenian Genocide was the most well-known human rights issue of its time and was reported regularly in newspapers across the United States and Europe. The Armenian Genocide is abundantly documented by thousands of official records of the United States and nations around the world including Turkey’s wartime allies Germany, Austria and Hungary, by Ottoman court-martial records, by eyewitness accounts of missionaries and diplomats, by the testimony of survivors, and by decades of historical scholarship . . . The Armenian Genocide is corroborated by the international scholarly, legal, and human rights community.”
International Response
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zkYCPVkLUjg
Pictures
http://worldwithoutgenocide.org/wp-content/uploads/2010/01/armenian-genocide-3.jpg
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/NY_Times_Armenian_genocide.jpg/220px-NY_Times_Armenian_genocide.jpg
http://www.genocide-museum.am/eng/children/0.jpg
Ilay Soffer
ReplyDeletePeriod 2
Lasting Impact/Legacy
Pictures:
http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-6UCN5NPSmRk/UQBEVWLQZdI/AAAAAAAAjZw/93s6-DN1Ows/s1600/Armenian-genocide-bones.jpg
http://jeannettepang.files.wordpress.com/2012/12/armenian-genocide-2.png?w=500&h=400
http://russellpollard.files.wordpress.com/2012/04/img_8680new.jpg
Primary Source:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=x01fxrF43ik
International Response:
http://www.armeniangenocide.com.au/australiaresponse
Kelly Clark
ReplyDeletePeriod 2
Armenian Methods
pictures:
http://www.genocide-museum.am/eng/online_exhibition_3.php
http://www.mtholyoke.edu/~kotik22a/classweb/armenian_genocide/genocide.html
http://weaselzippers.us/2013/04/25/remembering-the-armenian-genocide/
Primary Source:http://www.armenian-
http://www.chgs.umn.edu/histories/turkisharmenian/memories.html
International Response:
http://www.armenianweekly.com/2010/09/29/japans-forgotten-international-humanitarian-relief-episode/
Brooke Levine
ReplyDeletePeriod 5
Lasting Impact/ Legacy
Pictures:
1.http://972mag.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/03/Armenia-2-102.jpg
2.http://petersark.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/04/IMG_4494-Version-2.jpg
3.http://www.blogcdn.com/www.politicsdaily.com/media/2010/03/turkey-genocide-protest-1915-1267581103.jpg
Primary source:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pMsnDIZ_dGI
International Primary Source:
"How many of us are really familiar with the Armenian holocaust? Why are we indifferent when Turkey does not take responsibility?
We must confront our silence and that of the world in the face of such horrors. No country stood by the Armenians. No one cared about the genocide in Rwanda."
- Ayelet Shaked, member of the Israeli parliamentary body
Brian Hakimfar
ReplyDeletePeriod 2
Armenian Methods
Picture 1:
http://static.guim.co.uk/sys-images/Guardian/Pix/pictures/2010/3/5/1267790311115/Ottoman-soldiers-pose-wit-001.jpg
Picture 2:
http://www.edb.utexas.edu/faculty/salinas/students/student_sites/Fall2008/2/images/photochristianbodies.jpg
Picture 3:
http://www.armenian-history.com/Nyuter/HISTORY/ARMENIA20/Armenia20picture/Genocide%20pic/armenian-genocide3.JPG
Primary Source:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NSA1xngFf4s&list=PLE6BfqTwv3VkTPm7BGailDK4Ag-LnlGzP
International Response:
http://www.armenian-genocide.org/recognition.html
Bruce Man-Son-Hing
ReplyDeletePeriod: 2
Armenian Methods
Pictures:
1.http://poulin4g.wikispaces.com/file/view/Armenian_refugees_at_Van_crowding_around_a_public_oven_during_1915.png/134073871/427x301/Armenian_refugees_at_Van_crowding_around_a_public_oven_during_1915.png
2.http://media.pn.am/media/issue/69/245/photo/268x180_thumb_photo_69245_cddf97a96.jpg
3.http://badam.wikispaces.com/file/view/marches.jpg/98489427/288x216/marches.jpg
Primary Source:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Hb7EK1XdGno
President Roosevelt's International Response
http://www.armenian-genocide.org/roosevelt.html
Chase kinsley
ReplyDeleteperiod 2
Armenian genocide
methods
Picutres:http://genocide1915.blogcu.com/hodjali-the-real-armenian-genocide/3401102
http://bibleprobe.com/christianbodies5.jpg
http://rt.com/files/usa/news/turkey-us-armenian-genocide/agba.jpg
primary source:http://www.teachgenocide.org/files/Witnesses%20to%20the%20Armenian%20Genocide.pdf
Iternational response:http://www.genocide-museum.am/eng/21.04.2011.php
Lewis Goodman
ReplyDeletePeriod 5
Motives Armenian Genocide
Pictures:
http://araratmagazine.org/2010/10/terror-and-armenian-genocide/
http://www.huffingtonpost.com/michael-hughes/who-made-us-judge-and-jur_b_488938.html
http://www.genocide-museum.am/eng/online_exhibition_10.php
Primary Source
http://www.armeniangenocide.com.au/australiaresponse
Diary
http://www.armenian-genocide.org/us-7-16-15-2.html
Jordan Schore
ReplyDeletePeriod 5
Legacy
Pictures:
http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-sxNmUqkOOk4/UXse0roJIHI/AAAAAAAAwtl/zAOepxbEnnI/s1600/Armenian-genocide-bones.jpg
http://www.raymondibrahim.com/_admin/wp-content/uploads/2013/04/armen1.jpg
http://jpfo.org/images05/armenia-03.jpg
Primary Source:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1knToAyIhww
International Response:
http://www.armenian-genocide.org/recognition.html
Mark Schweitzer
ReplyDeletePeriod 5
Lasting Impact/Legacy
Pictures -
http://tinyurl.com/kv6e6a9
http://tinyurl.com/kklywnb
http://tinyurl.com/kbprjvr
Primary Source Document -
http://tinyurl.com/mqaya6l
International Response -
http://tinyurl.com/l9sjups
Noah Perry
ReplyDeletePeriod 5
Lasting Impact/Legacy
Pics:
http://images.search.yahoo.com/images/view;_ylt=A2KJkPqp17BRQxEAbDqJzbkF;_ylu=X3oDMTBlMTQ4cGxyBHNlYwNzcgRzbGsDaW1n?back=http%3A%2F%2Fimages.search.yahoo.com%2Fsearch%2Fimages%3Fp%3Darmenian%2Bgenocide%2Blegacy%26fr%3Donesearch%26tab%3Dorganic%26ri%3D2&w=640&h=385&imgurl=farm5.staticflickr.com%2F4063%2F4547523451_ec032c9d70_z.jpg&rurl=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.flickr.com%2Fphotos%2Fstudioashnag%2F4547523451%2F&size=281.3KB&name=%3Cb%3EArmenian+Genocide+%3C%2Fb%3E95th+Commemoration+in+Antelias+-+Lebanon+%7C+Flickr+...&p=armenian+genocide+legacy&oid=5c0fdd80616273d27c1ef268b06e8787&fr2=&fr=onesearch&tt=%3Cb%3EArmenian+Genocide+%3C%2Fb%3E95th+Commemoration+in+Antelias+-+Lebanon+%7C+Flickr+...&b=0&ni=40&no=2&ts=&tab=organic&sigr=11ljdb94r&sigb=13554qd52&sigi=11n5mod7l&.crumb=OeOvwx.3Izj&fr=onesearch
http://images.search.yahoo.com/images/view;_ylt=A2KJkPqp17BRQxEAcjqJzbkF;_ylu=X3oDMTBlMTQ4cGxyBHNlYwNzcgRzbGsDaW1n?back=http%3A%2F%2Fimages.search.yahoo.com%2Fsearch%2Fimages%3Fp%3Darmenian%2Bgenocide%2Blegacy%26fr%3Donesearch%26tab%3Dorganic%26ri%3D8&w=640&h=348&imgurl=farm5.staticflickr.com%2F4027%2F4548131456_618b55cc58_z.jpg&rurl=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.flickr.com%2Fphotos%2Fstudioashnag%2F4548131456%2F&size=245.9KB&name=%3Cb%3EArmenian+Genocide+%3C%2Fb%3E95th+Commemoration+in+Antelias+-+Lebanon+%7C+Flickr+...&p=armenian+genocide+legacy&oid=826ef34fc13f64cbb9346935638ee571&fr2=&fr=onesearch&tt=%3Cb%3EArmenian+Genocide+%3C%2Fb%3E95th+Commemoration+in+Antelias+-+Lebanon+%7C+Flickr+...&b=0&ni=40&no=8&ts=&tab=organic&sigr=11leo4hsr&sigb=135bbnsac&sigi=11n5213em&.crumb=OeOvwx.3Izj&fr=onesearch
http://images.search.yahoo.com/images/view;_ylt=A2KJkPqp17BRQxEAeTqJzbkF;_ylu=X3oDMTBlMTQ4cGxyBHNlYwNzcgRzbGsDaW1n?back=http%3A%2F%2Fimages.search.yahoo.com%2Fsearch%2Fimages%3Fp%3Darmenian%2Bgenocide%2Blegacy%26fr%3Donesearch%26tab%3Dorganic%26ri%3D15&w=243&h=207&imgurl=www.drougos.gr%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2013%2F01%2FARMENIAN-GENOCIDE-1.jpg&rurl=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.analystsforchange.org%2F2013%2F01%2Fankaras-armenian-genocidemeq-meforum.html&size=16.4KB&name=%3Cb%3EARMENIAN+GENOCIDE+%3C%2Fb%3E1&p=armenian+genocide+legacy&oid=69659ebc55bdf9ef9616e557092dce08&fr2=&fr=onesearch&tt=%3Cb%3EARMENIAN+GENOCIDE+%3C%2Fb%3E1&b=0&ni=40&no=15&ts=&tab=organic&sigr=12ipgooj9&sigb=136hcfr33&sigi=121iiekq5&.crumb=OeOvwx.3Izj&fr=onesearch
Primary Source:
http://www.tabletmag.com/jewish-news-and-politics/1056/primary-source#undefined
International Response:
"Are the Armenians, who are being dispatched from there, being liquidated? Are those harmful persons whom you inform us you are exiling and banishing, being exterminated, or are they being merely dispatched and exiled? Answer explicitly...."
http://www.anca.org/genocide/denial.php
June Assawamahakun
ReplyDeletePeriod 5
Lasting Impact/Legacy
Pictures:
http://www.thenational.ae/news/world/middle-east/israel-may-recognise-ottoman-armenian-genocide
http://latimesphoto.files.wordpress.com/2012/04/armenian-genocide07.jpg
http://www.armenian-history.com/Nyuter/HISTORY/ARMENIA20/Armenia20picture/Genocide%20pic/armenian-genocide3.JPG
Primary Source: Statistics on the pre-war and post-war Armenian population in Biledjik, Bardizag, and Hendek:
http://www.armenian-genocide.org/br-stats_1.html
http://www.armenian-genocide.org/br-stats_2.html
http://www.armenian-genocide.org/br-stats_3.html
International Response: President Ronald Reagan described the events as "genocide" in his speech on April 22, 1981
http://www.armenian-genocide.org/Affirmation.63/current_category.4/affirmation_detail.html
Vanessa Manfredi
ReplyDeletePeriod 2
LASTING IMPACT/LEGACY
PICTURES:
http://living.jdewperry.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/03/armenian_genocide_times.jpg
http://www.lushquotes.com/pics/adam-schiff/The-legacy-of-the-Armenian-Genocide-is-woven-into-the-fabric-of-America..jpg
http://worldwithoutgenocide.org/wp-content/uploads/2010/01/armenian-genocide-2.png
PRIMARY SOURCE:
http://www.genocide-museum.am/eng/personal_histories.php
STORY OF SEROPE ASDADURIAN
"Our family consisted of fifteen members, of whom four are now living, the others having died by the hands of the Kurds and Turks.
"Before the year 1893 the brother of the celebrated robber chief, Mousa Bey, had abducted the daughter of the head man of our village. After a while the girl was rescued from his hands and married to a young man of Vartenis. In the spring of 1893 she visited her father's house, after which her father wished to send her, under safe escort, to her husband at Vartenis. He besought my father to carry her, and he accepted the charae. On the way fifteen Kurds attacked the party and attempted to carry off the woman, but eny father and his companions resisted, and delivered the woman safely to her husband, two of the Kurds being killed in the affray. My father fled to Russia, but soon returned, and for a month or so remained so concealed that no one saw him. After a while, however, it became known that he had returned, and suddenly one day the Mudir (Turkish petty governor) of the neighboring village surrounded our house with a band of zabtiehs (gendarmes) to seize my father. He knew that to be taken was probably to be killed with tortures, and determined to sell his life as dearly as possible. So when the zabtiehs burst open the door and cacne in my father killed one of them and rushed out with his rifle. But in his haste he struck his head violently against the frame of the door and fell, nearly dead. One of the zabiehs fired and killed him. They then killed my mother, my two sisters, my uncle and four cousins. They carried away our cattle and sheep, robbed the house and burned it."
So the crimson storm of carnage rolled on, until not less than thirty villages had been laid waste, so completely destroyed that even the names had been erased from the official records. As to the number of killed it is almost impossible to give accurate estimate. It must have been not less than five or six thousand, many put it much higher. Some soldiers said that a hundred fell to each one of them to dispose of, while others wept because the Kurds did more execution than they. Some, however, claimed to have been unwilling actors in the scene and suffered great mental torments. The wife of one noticed that he failed te pray, as had been his invariable custom. She spoke of it to him and he answered, "God will not hear me. If there is a God he will take vengeance for these awful deeds. Is there any use to pray? "It is also told of other soldiers that on reaching their homes they inquired of Armenian acquaintances, "Who is this Jesus of Nazareth? The Sassun women were constantly calling out to Him."
At last the carnage stopped. The commander-in-chief of the fourth army corps at Erzingan reached the field in time to save a few prisoners alive and to prevent the extermination of four more villages that were on the list to be distroyed. He then sent a telegram to Constantinople that reballion had been overcome and that order had been restored in the province. For this he received a medal and the thanks of the Sultan.
Bliss, Rev. Edwin Munsell. Turkey and the Armenian Atrocities. Edgewood Publishing Company, 1896. Reprinted by Meshag Publishing (Fresno, CA)in 1982
INTERNATIONAL RESPONSE:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1D0XbSuv6-w
Shane Fenske
ReplyDeletePeriod 2
Mr edsall
6/6/2013
Pictures 1
-http://artvoice.com/issues/v6n44/news/armenian_genocide_denial_an_american_problem/kharpert
Picture 2
-http://87880858.nhd.weebly.com/uploads/1/0/2/4/10249903/409372511.jpeg?200
Primary source
-
http://www.genocide-museum.am/eng/links.php
International Response
-http://april24timessquare.com/_wsn/page3.html
Kendall Yocum
ReplyDeletePeriod 2
Lasting Impact/Legacy
Primary Source: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hfpr708HoF8
International Response: http://worldgenocides.wikispaces.com/World+Response+to+the+Armenian+Genocide
Pictures: http://www.google.com/search?q=armenian+genocide&client=safari&rls=en&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ei=Q1-xUbqWGomOigKDkIH4Ag&ved=0CAcQ_AUoAQ&biw=1394&bih=780#facrc=_&imgrc=o4mKkEgXRFskVM%3A%3Bxjoe8xsjN5b1fM%3Bhttp%253A%252F%252Flbcblogs.com%252Fwp-content%252Fuploads%252F2013%252F04%252Fapril24.png%3Bhttp%253A%252F%252Flbcblogs.com%252Fthe-importance-of-having-powerful-friends-armenian-genocide-edition%252F%3B808%3B463
http://www.google.com/search?q=armenian+genocide&client=safari&rls=en&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ei=Q1-xUbqWGomOigKDkIH4Ag&ved=0CAcQ_AUoAQ&biw=1394&bih=780#facrc=_&imgrc=zIYVhpD4dH48hM%3A%3BKWcPLCD68iH1kM%3Bhttp%253A%252F%252F24.media.tumblr.com%252Ftumblr_m06onlc9iI1qec6wqo1_400.jpg%3Bhttp%253A%252F%252Fwww.tumblr.com%252Ftagged%252Farmenian%252520genocide%3B399%3B400
http://www.google.com/search?q=armenian+genocide&client=safari&rls=en&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ei=Q1-xUbqWGomOigKDkIH4Ag&ved=0CAcQ_AUoAQ&biw=1394&bih=780#facrc=_&imgrc=Q6Yvwt3Wkv4iTM%3A%3BP57KFmLxyH5eBM%3Bhttp%253A%252F%252Farmeniangenocideblog.files.wordpress.com%252F2011%252F05%252Fimag1098.jpg%3Bhttp%253A%252F%252Farmeniangenocideblog.wordpress.com%252Ftag%252Farmenian-genocide-recognition%252F%3B3264%3B1952
Skyler Blatt
ReplyDeletePeriod 2
Lasting Impact/Legacy
Images:
http://blog.beliefnet.com/watchwomanonthewall/files/2013/04/1915-Armenian-Genocide-bones-and-skulls.png
http://blog.beliefnet.com/watchwomanonthewall/files/2013/04/1915-Armenian-Genocide-bones-and-skulls.png
http://americanforeignpolicy.pbworks.com/f/1177286849/armenian%20genocide%203.jpg
Primary Source:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9OLl3GqmC8E
International Response:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bIGYs_5Rc7A